* Today in Black History - May 1 *
1863 - The Confederate congress passes a resolution which brands
African American troops and their officers criminals. The
resolution, in effect, dooms captured African American
soldiers to death or slavery.
1866 - White Democrats and police attack freedmen and their white
allies in Memphis, Tennessee. Forty-six African Americans
and two white liberals are killed. More than seventy are
wounded. Ninety homes, twelve schools and four churches
are burned.
1867 - Reconstruction of the South begins with the registering of
African American and white voters in the South. Gen.
Philip H. Sheridan orders the registration to begin in
Louisiana on May 1 and to continue until June 30.
Registration will begin in Arkansas in May. Other states
follow in June and July. By the end of October, 1,363,000
citizens had registered in the South, including 700,000
African Americans. African American voters constitute a
majority in five states: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana,
Mississippi and South Carolina.
1884 - Moses Fleetwood Walker becomes the first African American
in the Major Leagues when he plays for the Toledo Blue
Stockings in the American Association. A catcher, he goes
0-for-3 in his debut, allowing 2 passed balls and
committing 4 errors, as his team bows to Louisville 5-1. He
will do better in 41 subsequent games before injuries force
Toledo to release him in late September. In July he will be
joined by his brother Welday, an outfielder. Racial bigotry
will prevent his return to major league ball. No other
African American player will appear in a major league
uniform until Jackie Robinson in 1947.
1901 - Sterling Allen Brown is born in Washington, DC. He will become
a poet, literary critic, editor of "The Negro in American
Fiction" and "Negro Poetry and Drama," and the coeditor of the
anthology, "The Negro Caravan."
1941 - A. Philip Randolph issues a call for 100,000 African Americans
to march on Washington, DC, to protest armed forces and
defense industry discrimination. In response, President
Franklin D. Roosevelt, who attempted to persuade Randolph and
others to cancel the demonstration, will issue Executive Order
8802, to ban federal discrimination, before Randolph finally
yields.
1946 - Mrs. Emma Clarissa Clement is named "American Mother of the
Year" by the Golden Rule Foundation.
1948 - Glenn H. Taylor, U.S. Senator from Idaho and Vice-presidential
candidate of the Progressive party, is arrested in Birmingham,
Alabama, for trying to enter a meeting through a door marked "for
Negroes."
1950 - Gwendolyn Brooks becomes the first African American to win a
Pulitzer Prize for her book of poetry "Annie Allen."
1975 - A commemorative stamp of poet Paul Laurence Dunbar is issued by
the U.S. Postal Service as part of its American Arts series.
1981 - Dr. Clarence A. Bacote, historian and political scientist, joins
the ancestors in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 75.
1990 - Robert Guillaume, former star of the Benson TV series, premieres
in the title role in "Phantom of the Opera" at the Music Center
in Los Angeles. Guillaume continues the role that had been
played to critical acclaim by the English star, Michael Crawford.
1991 - Rickey Henderson steals his 939th base in the Oakland A's game
against the New York Yankees, breaking Lou Brock's major league
record.
1995 - Charges that Qubilah Shabazz, the daughter of Malcolm X, had
plotted to murder Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan are
dropped as jury selection for her trial is about to begin in
Minneapolis, Minnesota.
1998 - Eldridge Cleaver, the fiery Black Panther leader who later
renounced his past and became a Republican, joins the ancestors
in Pomona, California, at age 62.
1998 - Former Rwandan Prime Minister Jean Kambanda, pleads guilty to
charges stemming from the 1994 genocide of more than 500,000
Tutsis.
2000 - Bobby Eggleston is sworn in as the new sheriff of Drew County,
Arkansas. He becomes the first African American sheriff in Arkansas
since Reconstruction.
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