<<Disclaimer: Verify this information before applying it to your situation.>> I would be interested on more information and/or references concerning psychoactive peptides formed in the gut. I remember studies done in the 70's that indicated patients diagnosed with schizophrenia as having a high incidence of celiac sprue and responding(at least in part) to a gluten and milk-free diet, but later studies failed to reproduce the same results. The recently posted message from Dr. Reichelt seems to indicate that current studies are making a connection between some forms of food intolerance and some forms of psychiatric disorders. I have read that Western Ireland has a high incidence of both celiac sprue and schizophrenia. Specifically, I would be like to know how the exorphins are formed and leave the gut. Wouldn't the liver act in a defensive manner-- destroying the exorphins before they would be able to act on other organisms such as the brain? Also, how is the brain effected by exorphins? Are current theories suggesting that a build-up of exorphins is responsible for the psychosis of some patients?