Attention all hams here on our list who have been hams going back into the 40's, 50's, and early 60's!! Post back to me and share with me how you tuned your transmitters and receivers back in those days. What kinds of creative methods did you use for, say, tuning up your transmitters with the PI output networks, dipping and loading, to make sure you were not only in resonance, but resonance on the right band? What kinds of techniques did you use to make sure you were within the frequency boundaries permitted by your license class and didn't get over into the Advanced or Extra Class frequencies, or outside the American band allocations entirely? What kinds of advancements or features were eventually added or available over time that made these kinds of tasks easier? Be as detailed and descriptive as you can. I am incorporating this information in a research project I am working on. TNX, 73, Ron, K8HSY Dr. Ronald E. Milliman Retired Professor of Marketing