The article below is extremely good and thought-provoking. Cell Volume 127, Issue 7 , 29 December 2006, Pages 1309-1321 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.006 Review The Molecular Genetics of Crop Domestication John F. Doebley, Brandon S. Gaut and Bruce D. Smith Abstract Ten thousand years ago human societies around the globe began to transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture. By 4000 years ago, ancient peoples had completed the domestication of all major crop species upon which human survival is dependent, including rice, wheat, and maize. Recent research has begun to reveal the genes responsible for this agricultural revolution. The list of genes to date tentatively suggests that diverse plant developmental pathways were the targets of Neolithic 'genetic tinkering,' and we are now closer to understanding how plant development was redirected to meet the needs of a hungry world. First paragraph (manually typed in by me -- any errors below are my fault): Most members of our modern industrial societies have never seen and would not recognize the unpromising wild plants that are the progenitors of our remarkably productive crops. Very few members of these societies would survive if all they had were a field of wild grain and herbs and their own wits to sustain them. Yet 10,000 years ago, people who could not read, write, or do calculus prospered on diets composed of wild plants and animals. Even more remarkably, these ancient peoples began a plant-breeding program that transformed hundreds of wild plant species into domesticated crops, including all of the most highly productive crops - rice, wheat, maize - on which human survival is dependent today. Abstract (and full-text access, for subscribers only) online at the ScienceDirect website. Tom Billings