* Today in Black History - October 20 * 1895 - Rex Ingram is born near Cairo, Illinois. He will attend medical school and earn a Phi Beta Kappa key but forsake medicine for the stage, becoming a powerful actor on the stage and screen, most notably as "De Lawd" in the 1936 film "The Green Pastures." He will also appear in "Cabin in the Sky" and "Anna Lucasta." 1898 - North Carolina Mutual Life and Provident Association is organized by seven African Americans: John Merrick, Dr. Aaron M. Moore, P.W. Dawkins, D.T. Watson, W.G. Pearson, E.A. Johnson, and James E. Shepard. Each invests $50 in the company, which will grow to become North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company and have over $211 million in assets and over $8 billion of insurance in force by 1991. 1924 - The "First Colored World Series" of baseball is held in Kansas City, Missouri. The series, which pits the Kansas City Monarchs against the Hillsdale team from Darby, Pennsylvania, is won by the Monarchs, five games to four, and was organized by Rube Foster. 1932 - Roosevelt Brown is born in Charlottesville, Virginia. He will become a football star at Morgan State College in Baltimore, Maryland, and will be drafted in the 27th round by the New York Giants in 1953. Over his career he will be All-NFL for eight straight years (1956-1963), play in nine Pro Bowl games, and named NFL's Lineman of Year (1956). He will play for the Giants for 13 seasons and will be elected to the NFL Hall of Fame in 1975. 1942 - Sixty leading southern African Americans issued the "Durham Manifesto", calling for fundamental changes in race relations after a Durham, North Carolina, meeting. 1952 - The Mau Mau uprising against British rule in Kenya begins, with attacks against both British settlers and Africans who refused to join the rebellion. Although British rule is widely resented in Kenya, the Mau Mau fighters are mostly members of the Kikuyu ethnic group, whose land had been taken over by British settlers. The British will respond harshly to the rebellion, killing nearly 11,000 rebels and confining 80,000 Kikuyus in detention camps. Although it will be a military failure, the Mau Mau rebellion will bring international attention to the Africans' grievances, and contribute to Kenya's independence in 1963. 1953 - Jomo Kenyatta and five other Mau Mau leaders are refused an appeal of their prison terms in British East Africa (Kenya). Members of the Mau Mau guerilla troops all took an oath to commit themselves to expelling all white settlers in Kenya and to eliminate the Africans who cooperated with or benefited from colonial rule. 1963 - Jim Brown, of the Cleveland Browns, sets the then NFL all-time rushing record, 8,390 yds. 1963 - South Africa begins the trial of Nelson Mandela & eight others on charges of conspiracy. 1967 - An all-white federal jury in Meridian, Mississippi convicts 7 white men in the murder of 3 civil rights workers. They are convicted of civil rights' violations. 1968 - Elder Lightfoot Solomon Michaux, joins the ancestors at the age of 84. His church services were broadcast weekly, first on radio, then on television. The theme song of his broadcasts was "Happy am I, I'm always happy!" 1976 - New York Nets' (ABA), Julius "Dr. J" Erving is sold to the Philadelphia 76ers. This will be the beginning of his All-Star career in the NBA. 1989 - The Senate convicts U.S. District Judge Alcee L. Hastings of perjury and conspiracy and removed him from office. The conviction will be overturned and Hastings is later elected to the House of Representatives. ______________________________________________________________ Munirah Chronicle is edited by Brother Mosi Hoj "The TRUTH shall make you free" E-mail: <[log in to unmask]> Archives: <http://maelstrom.stjohns.edu/archives/Munirah.html> ______________________________________________________________ To SUBSCRIBE send E-mail to: <[log in to unmask]> In the E-mail body place: Subscribe Munirah Your FULL Name ______________________________________________________________ Munirah(TM) is a trademark of Information Man. Copyright 2002, All Rights Reserved by the Information Man in association with CODE One Communications.