On Mon, 22 Jul 2002 09:16:32 +1000, Phosphor <[log in to unmask]> wrote: >what is the evidence for vitamin A toxicity due to eating liver; >and, how much vitamin A causes this toxicity? Vitamin A toxicity emerges as I have derived from the literature if amounts starting at about 10 times RDA are eaten over a longer time period (1 year). There are some death cases reported, particularly in children, where the accumulation seems to take up earlier and the tolerances are lesser. 3 or 4 times RDA would be safe for a long time, I suppose. Well, but the stuff just accumulates and the body can't deny intake of animal retinol. Therefore it would be a question of time. Humans don't have a vitamin-A detoxifying capacity. Genetic evolved predators like cats have it. Of course before death a lot if deseases would show up. For hypervitaminose "A", I know that changes in the bones happen. Who knows what else. Better stay way below a toxic dose, most items do have a toxic dosage and for vitamin A it's shure. Liver is a excellent source of vitamins, it once was the vitamin *storage* of an animal. I hope you're not so depressed on vitamins that you *need* such a concentrate. Some people do. By the way, my vitamin A levels have been checked too. After 15 years of plants only, with a little of dairy (which has animal vitamin A) my levels were at 662. Healthy range is between 200 and 1000. Perfect. I didn't take special care of vitamin A sources and didn't take vitamin A supplements. And it was before I met red palm oil. But I like dark many green and red vegetables. It was easy enough for my body to "make" retinol out of the carotenes I ate. It should be easy. I've read that carotene is just two retinol molecules tail-hooked together. Amadeus S.