For many of us who got used to managing files and directories
under DOS, doing such tasks the Windows way has been a difficult
adjustment, since it often seems more complex and less efficient than a
command line interface. The document below is one of the best
explanations I've encountered for file management under
Windows 95, so I thought others may also benefit from a copy. It is part of a
tutorial on accessing Windows 95 with the HAL 2.01 screen reader,
available from the Project ASSIST web site
(HTTP://www.blind.state.ia.us/assist). Although there are some
specific references to HAL commands and exercise files in this section,
I found it generally helpful regardless of what screen reader one uses.
Regards,
Jamal
----------
MS Windows 95 with Hal 2.01
Lesson Three: Using the My Computer Window
Issue Date: 11/20/98
Page: 3-57
ASSIST with Windows (Iowa Department for the Blind)
3-
Lesson Three: Using the My Computer Window
Lesson Objective: In this lesson, you will learn how to use the
My Computer window. The My Computer window provides you with an
overview of the information on your computer. This lesson
introduces you to the My Computer window and defines important
terms and concepts. It includes exercises on opening and closing
the My Computer window, working with folders, and managing your
folders, files, and floppy disks.
In This Lesson: This lesson is divided into three parts: Part
One: Working With the My Computer Window, Part Two: Managing
Folders and Files, and Part Three: Managing Your Floppy Disks.
Each part contains exercises for the following topics.
Part One: Working With the My Computer Window
Topic: Opening, Reviewing, and Closing the My Computer Window
Topic: Changing View Options
Topic: Accessing Drives
Topic: Opening Folders
Topic: Selecting and Deselecting Files
Topic: Verifying Selected Drive, Folders, and Files
Part Two: Managing Folders and Files
Topic: Creating New Folders
Topic: Copying Files and Folders
Topic: Moving Files and Folders
Topic: Renaming Files and Folders
Topic: Deleting Files and Folders
Part Three: Managing Your Floppy Disks
Topic: Formatting a Floppy Disk
Topic: Copying a Floppy Disk
Topic: Labeling a Floppy Disk
Before You Begin: Before you begin this lesson, you should have
your computer turned on, and you should have Windows 95 and Hal
running. If necessary, review Lessons One and Two.
Part One: Working With the My Computer Window
Topic: Opening, Reviewing, and Closing the My Computer Window
Introduction: The My Computer window allows you to access and
organize all the information saved on your computer or floppy
disks. Using the My Computer window, you can create, copy, move,
open, rename, and delete folders and files on your various
computer drives.
Definitions - My Computer Window: The following list defines
important terms associated with the My Computer window.
Drive: A drive is a place to store information on your
computer. Drive letters represent different types of drives.
Your hard drive, often referred to as the C drive, stores
most of the information your computer requires. Generally,
drive A is reserved for accessing information on a floppy
disk, and drive D is reserved for CD-ROMs. Other drive
letters are usually only used in a network environment. A
colon following a letter represents a drive (for example, A:
equals A drive).
File: All computers store information in files. A file is
any information that is given a name and stored on a disk. A
computer uses many different types of files: data files,
text files, program files, etc. Different types of files
store different types of information. For example, program
files store programs, whereas text files store text.
Note: Documents that you create using a specific
program, such as a word processor, are often referred
to as files.
Folder: To help ensure your files organized and easy to
find, Windows places your files into folders. Besides files,
a folder may contain several other folders.
Path: A path is the course that leads from the drive to the
file you want to use. Sometimes, a path is referred to as a
pathname. A path is formatted as follows: drive
letter:\folder\filename. Use a colon and a backslash to
separate the drive letter from the folder. Use only a
backslash to separate the folder and filename.
Think of the organization of information on your computer as
being similar to that of a file cabinet. A file cabinet
usually contains several drawers. Similarly, a computer has
several drives. Within each drawer, or drive, you store many
folders. Each folder contains papers and documents that are
related in some way. On your computer, each folder contains
files that have something in common. For example, you may
have a folder that only contains documents you created. You
may have other folders that only contain files used by a
program. A folder on your computer can also contain several
other folders, which in turn may contain more folders and
files.
Overview - My Computer Window: The My Computer window has the
following elements.
Program Control-menu Icon: When you activate the Program
Control-menu icon, the Program Control menu appears.
Program Control Menu: Use the Program Control menu to
resize or close the My Computer window.
Title Bar: The title bar contains the title My Computer.
Program Resize and Close Buttons: The program resize and
close buttons allow you to resize or close the My Computer
window. You must use the mouse pointer to activate these
buttons. These buttons perform the same functions as the
sizing and close commands on the Program Control menu.
Therefore, it may be easier to use the menu rather than the
buttons.
Menu Bar: The menu bar contains the following menus: File,
Edit, View, and Help.
Toolbar: The toolbar contains shortcuts to commands commonly
used in the My Computer window such as a Drives and Folders
pull-down list box, a Network connections button, View
buttons, and editing buttons.
Drives, Folders, and Files: Most of the window is reserved
for listing the drives, folders, and files on your computer.
By default, the drives on your computer and the Control
Panel and Printers folders appear in the initial window. The
Control Panel folder contains numerous options for changing
your computer settings, including adding and removing
programs, and changing the appearance of your screen. From
the Printers folder, you can change your printer settings
and access information about your printers and the documents
you want to print.
Status Bar: The information in the status bar varies
depending on the task you are performing. The status bar
indicates the number of items in the window, the amount of
disk space remaining for the selected drive, the total
amount of disk space available for the selected drive, and
information about the task you are performing or the task
each item will perform when it is activated.
Exercise Objectives: In the following two exercises, you will
open and review the My Computer window, and you will close the My
Computer window.
Exercise: Opening and Reviewing the My Computer Window
Complete the following twelve steps to open and review the My
Computer window.
Step 1: Press Ctrl-Escape to open the Start menu. Hal announces,
"Entering Pop-up Menu No Selection." Press Escape to close the
Start menu. Then, press Tab twice to move the focus to the
Desktop.
Step 2: Select the My Computer program icon by pressing M until
Hal announces, "My Computer."
Step 3: With the My Computer program icon selected, press Enter
to activate the program icon and open the My Computer window. Hal
announces, "My Computer 3 Floppy A."
Step 4: Maximize the My Computer program window by pressing Alt-
Spacebar to activate the Program Control menu. Then, press X to
select and execute the Maximize command.
Step 5: Begin reviewing the My Computer window. Press the
Asterisk key on the Number pad to review the entire window. Hal
automatically reads the window beginning with the menu bar and
ending with the status bar information.
Tip: To read all the punctuation appearing on the screen,
press Left Ctrl-Asterisk on the Number pad. Hal will read
all punctuation, regardless of the settings in Hal's Control
Panel.
Step 6: Press Left Shift-Spacebar to enter Navigation Mode. The
mouse pointer moves to the currently selected item. Hal
announces, "Entering Navigation Mode," followed by the currently
selected item.
Step 7: Press the Plus key until Hal announces, "Navigation
Restricted to Window."
Step 8: Press the Up Arrow until Hal announces, "Capital My
Capital Computer." Then, press the Up Arrow key again to move the
mouse pointer the top left corner of the screen. Hal announces,
"Bitmap."
Step 9: Press the Down Arrow key to find the following elements:
Program Window Title (My Computer)
Resize and Close Buttons (Minimize, Maximize\Restore, and
Close)
My Computer Menus (File, Edit, View, Help)
Toolbar buttons (Drives and Folders pull-down list box, a
Network connections button, View buttons, and editing
buttons) The Toolbar may not currently appear on the screen.
Drive and Folder Icons (A:, C:, CD-ROM drive, network drives
[if applicable], Control Panel folder, and Printers folder.)
Status Bar (lists the number of items in the window, the
amount of disk space remaining for the selected drive, and
the total amount of disk space available for the selected
drive)
Step 10: When you are finished reviewing the screen, press the
Escape key to exit Navigation mode.
Step 11: Press all the arrow keys (left, right, up, and down) to
read all the items in the window. Each time you press an arrow
key you select a different item. Hal reads each item.
Step 12: Review all the menus and menu commands. Press Alt-F to
pull down the File menu. Press the Down Arrow to review the menu
commands. Then, press the Right Arrow key to move to the Edit
menu. Repeat for each remaining menu.
Exercise: Closing the My Computer Window
Complete the following two steps to close the My Computer window.
Note: The Close command appears on the Program Control menu.
This tutorial always uses the keyboard shortcut, Alt-F4, when
directing you to close the My Computer window.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify My
Computer is the active program. Hal announces, "Window My
Computer," followed by the currently selected item.
Step 2: Press Alt-F4 to close My Computer. Hal announces, "My
Computer," when the program window closes. The focus is now on
the Desktop.
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You open the My Computer window by activating the program icon on
the Desktop.
The My Computer window has the following elements:
Program Control-menu icon and the Program Control menu
Title Bar (My Computer)
Program Resize and Close Buttons
Menu Bar (File, Edit, View, and Help menus)
Toolbar (Drives and Folders pull-down list box, a Network
connections button, View buttons, and editing buttons)
Drives, Folders, and Files icons
Status Bar
You can close the My Computer window by pressing Alt-F4.
Topic: Changing the View Options
Introduction: Windows 95 allows you to customize the way
information appears in the My Computer window. You can choose to
have the items appear in rows or columns. You can choose either
large icons or small icons. Finally, you can choose to list only
the names of the drives, folders, and files, or you can list more
detailed information about each of these items.
Not only can you determine how you want the drives, folders, and
files to appear, you can decide how you want to browse the
information in each drive and folder. By default, a new window
opens each time you choose a new drive or folder. You can change
this so that only one window remains open and the contents of the
window changes. If you do not like to keep track of numerous open
windows on your Desktop, you may find it easier to browse using a
single window.
View Menu Commands: To change the View options for the My
Computer window, use the View menu. The following list describes
the View menu commands.
Toolbar: The Toolbar command allows you to display the
toolbar in the window or hide it. If the toolbar appears on
the screen, a check mark appears next to the command. Hal
announces, "Toolbar Selected," when this command is checked.
The T key is the hot key for this command.
Status Bar: The status bar command allows you to display the
status bar in the window or hide it. If the status bar
appears on the screen, a check mark appears next to the
command. Hal announces, "Status Bar Selected," when this
command is checked. The B key is the hot key for this
command.
Icon View Options: You may choose one of four icon view
options: Large Icons, Small Icons, List, and Details.
Large Icons: When you select the Large Icons command,
the items in the window appear as large icons
(approximately one-half inch) with a text label
underneath the icon. The icons and labels are arranged
horizontally in rows in the window. You may have
several rows of items in a window. The G key is the hot
key for this command.
Small Icons: When you select the Small Icons command,
the items in the window appear as small icons
(approximately one-quarter inch) with a text label
beside the icon. The icons and labels are arranged
horizontally in rows in the window. You may have
several rows of items in a window. The M key is the hot
key for this command.
List: When you select the List command, the items in
the window appear as small icons (approximately one-
quarter inch) with a text label beside the icon. The
icons and labels are arranged vertically in columns in
the window. You may have several columns of items in a
window. The L key is the hot key for this command.
Details: When you select the Details command, the items
in the window appear as small icons (approximately one-
quarter inch) with a text label beside the icon.
Additional information about the each item, such as
file type, files size, and the last modified date, also
appears. The icons and labels are arranged vertically
in columns in the window. You may have several columns
of information in a window. The D key is the hot key
for this command.
Arrange Icons: The Arrange Icons command opens a sub-menu
with options to arrange the items by name, date, type, or
size. You may also select the Auto Arrange option from this
menu. The I key is the hot key for this command.
Line Up Icons: The Line Up Icons command allows you to align
the items in rows. The E key is the hot key for this
command.
Refresh: The Refresh command updates information in the
window that has changed. For example, if you move a folder
into another folder, the Refresh command updates the window
to reflect the move. The R key is the hot key for this
command. The keyboard shortcut for this command is F5.
Options: The Options command opens the Options dialog box.
From this dialog box, you can change the view to show
folders in a single window, hide or display specific types
of files, and change the icon associated with different file
types. This dialog box contains multiple tabbed pages. The O
key is the hot key for this command.
Recommended View Settings: This tutorial recommends you use the
following View settings. These settings ensure consistency in the
way Windows displays the information, making it easier for you to
access the information you want. You will learn how to change
these settings in the exercise that follows.
List Command: Choose the List command to arrange the items
in the window in columns using small icons.
Reason: When you use the Large Icons or Small Icons
command, Windows arranges the items in the current
drive or folder in row. Windows does not automatically
move the selection cursor to the next row once you have
reached the last item in a row. If you use the List
command, Windows arranges the items in columns. Windows
will automatically move to the next column once you
have reached the last item in the column.
Single Window Browse Option: Use the Browse option that
allows you to browse folders by using a single window that
changes as you open each folder or drive. This option
appears on the Folder tabbed page in the Options dialog box.
Reason: Windows does not use the same settings for each
window it opens. Therefore, if you choose to open a
separate window for each folder or drive, you must
maximize and change the View settings for each new
window that opens. In addition, you may find it easier
to track changes in a single window than to track
numerous open windows.
Display Toolbar: Select the Toolbar command to display the
toolbar.
Reason: You will not be able to switch to a different
drive or folder if the toolbar does not appear on the
screen.
Display the Full Path in the Title Bar: Use the option to
display the full MS-DOS path in the title bar. This option
appears on the View tabbed page in the Options dialog box.
Reason: By default, Windows only lists the name of the
folder in the window title bar. It does not indicate
the full path. This can cause you problems if you
happen to have more than one folder with the same name.
For example, if you have a folder named Documents on
your floppy disk and a folder name Documents on your C
drive, Windows does not indicate which Documents folder
you have open unless you choose to display the full MS-
DOS path in the title bar.
Maximized Window: Activate the Maximize command to maximize
the My Computer window. This command appears on the Program
Control menu.
Reason: Hal works best with My Computer when the
program window is maximized.
Exercise: Changing the View Settings
Complete the following fourteen steps to change the View settings
to the recommended settings listed above. Once you make these
changes, you will not have to make them again.
Step 1: Press Ctrl-Escape to open the Start menu. Hal announces,
"Entering Pop-up Menu No Selection." Press Escape to close the
Start menu. Then, press Tab twice to move the focus to the
Desktop.
Step 2: Select the My Computer program icon by pressing M until
Hal announces, "My Computer."
Step 3: With the My Computer program icon selected, press Enter
to activate the program icon and open the My Computer window. Hal
announces, "My Computer 3 Floppy A."
Step 4: Maximize the My Computer program window by pressing Alt-
Spacebar to activate the Program Control menu. Then, press X to
select and execute the Maximize command.
Step 5: Press Alt-V to pull down the View menu. Hal announces,
"Entering View Menu Toolbar." Press Enter to display the Toolbar.
When you press Enter, Windows automatically places a check mark
next to the Toolbar command, closes the View menu, and displays
the toolbar on the screen.
Important! If Hal indicates the Toolbar command is
"Selected," when you first pull down the View menu, do not
press Enter. Go to step 7.
Step 6: Press Alt-V to pull down the View menu. Hal announces,
"Entering View Menu Toolbar Selected."
Step 7: Press L to select and execute the List command. When you
press L, Windows automatically marks the List command, closes the
View menu, and changes the items in the window to appear as small
icons with a text label beside the icon. The icons and text
labels are arranged in columns in the window.
Step 8: Press Alt-V to pull down the View menu. Hal announces,
"Entering View Menu Toolbar Selected."
Step 9: Press O to select and execute the Options command. The
Options dialog box appears. Hal announces, "Exited Menu Options
Folder Property Sheet Browsing Options Group Browse Folders By
Using A Separate Window For Each Folder Selected Radio Button
Example Example."
Tip: Press the Asterisk key on the Number pad for an
overview of the Folder tabbed page of this dialog box.
Step 10: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify the
Folders tabbed page is active. Hal announces, "Exited Menu
Options Folder Property Sheet Browsing Options Group Browse
Folders By Using A Separate Window For Each Folder Selected
Radio Button Example Example."
If Hal does not indicate the Folder tabbed page is active,
press Ctrl-Tab until Hal announces, "Folder Property Sheet
Browsing Options Group Browse Folders By Using A Separate
Window For Each Folder Selected Radio Button Example
Example."
Step 11: Press the Down Arrow key until Hal announces, "Browse
Folders By Using A Single Window That Changes As You Open Each
Folder Selected Radio Button."
Step 12: Move to the View tabbed page by pressing Ctrl-Tab until
Hal announces, "View Property Sheet Hidden File Group Hide
Files Of These Types Selected Radio Button." Press Tab until Hal
announces, "Display the Full MS-DOS Path in the Title Bar
Unselected Check Box."
Note: If Hal indicates the check box is "Selected," go to
step 14.
Tip: Press the Asterisk key on the Number pad for an
overview of the View tabbed page of this dialog box.
Step 13: Press the Spacebar to select the Display the Full MS-
DOS Path in the Title Bar Check Box. Hal announces, "Selected
Check Box."
Tip: To verify the check box is selected, press the 0 key
on the Number pad. Hal announces, "Display the Full MS-DOS
Path in the Title Bar Selected Check Box."
Step 14: Press Tab until Hal announces "OK Button." Then, press
Enter to activate the OK button and accept the changes in the
Options dialog box. When the Options dialog box closes, Hal
announces, "My Computer," followed by the currently selected
item.
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
Certain View settings cause Hal to work better with the My
Computer program.
The following View settings ensure consistency in the way Windows
displays the information, making it easier for you to access the
information you want: List Command; Single Window Browse Option;
Display Toolbar; Display the Full MS-DOS Path in the Title Bar;
and Maximized Window.
Topic: Accessing Drives
Introduction: The My Computer window lists all the drives
available on your computer. Each drive contains unique folders
and files. In order to work with the folders and files on your
various drives, such as C:, A:, or D:, you must access the drive
where the files and folders reside.
Drive Labels: Windows 95 assigns descriptive labels to the
drives on your computer. For example, the floppy drive is labeled
"3 1/2 Floppy (A:)." The labels are intended to make it easier
for you to distinguish between your drives. Each computer can
have different labels for its drives because the labels are
assigned when the computer is setup, and Windows 95 allows you to
change the labels.
While the label for a drive can vary from computer to computer,
it will always include the letter of the drive in parenthesis.
For example, the label for our C drive is "Volume1 (C:)." The
label for your C drive may differ from ours; however, it will
include (C:).
Hal always reads the label for a selected drive. If the label for
your C drive differs from ours, substitute your drive label
whenever you encounter "Volume1 (C:)" in this tutorial. You will
learn how to change drive labels in the topic "Labeling a Floppy
Disk" in part three of this lesson.
Exercise Objective: In the following exercise, you will access
the floppy disk drive (A:) and the hard drive (C:).
Note: These instructions assume the letter for your floppy
disk drive is the letter A and the letter your hard drive is
the letter C. If not, substitute the letter A with the
drive letter for your floppy disk drive and the letter C
with the drive letter for your hard drive.
Materials Needed: To complete this exercise, you must have the
floppy disk labeled Window 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files. You
should have received this disk when you received this tutorial.
Exercise: Accessing the Floppy Disk Drive and the Hard Drive
Complete the following fifteen steps to access the floppy disk
drive and the hard drive.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify My
Computer is the active program. Hal announces, "Window My
Computer," followed by the currently selected item.
Step 2: Insert the Window 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk
into your floppy disk drive.
Step 3: Press the 0 key on the Number pad to read the current
focus and determine whether or not the floppy disk drive is
selected. If Hal announces, "3 Floppy A," press the Spacebar to
select the floppy disk drive. Hal announces, "3 Floppy A,"
indicating the floppy drive is now selected.
Note: Sometimes an empty selection cursor will appear
around the drive name. When an empty selection cursor
appears, you cannot open the item. An empty selection cursor
means that the item is not selected. You may press the Up or
Down Arrow key or the Spacebar to select an item.
Step 4: Press Enter to list the contents of the floppy disk.
When the information appears, Hal announces, "Empty," indicating
that an empty selection cursor appears around the Empty folder.
Step 5: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the title
bar. Hal announces, "Window A Empty," indicating the contents of
the floppy disk appear in the window.
Step 6: Press the Down and Up Arrow keys to read all the folders
in this window. Each time you press an Arrow key you select a
different folder. Hal reads the selected folder. You should find
two folders, Empty and Example and two files, Readme.txt and
Setup.exe.
Note: By default, Windows lists drives before folders and
folders before files.
Step 7: Access the hard drive by pressing Tab to move the focus
to the Drives and Folders pull-down list box. Hal announces, "3
Floppy A Pull-down List Box."
Step 8: Press Alt-Down Arrow to open the pull-down list box.
Select the hard drive by pressing the Down Arrow key until Hal
announces, "Volume1 (C:)."
If Hal reads another drive option, press the Up or Down
Arrow key until Hal reads the hard drive, (C:). (If the
mouse pointer happens to be in the pull-down list box, the
drive the mouse pointer is on is automatically selected.
When this occurs, you must make sure you use the arrow keys
to select the correct drive or folder.)
Step 9: With the C drive option selected, press Enter to display
the contents of the C drive in the window. Remember, the label
for your hard drive may differ. Listen closely for Hal to read
the label followed by "(C:)."
Step 10: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the title
bar. Hal announces, "Window C C Pull-down List Box," indicating
the contents of the hard drive appear in the window.
Step 11: Press Tab to move the focus to the list of folders and
files. Hal reads the name of the first folder on your C drive. An
empty selection cursor appears around the folder.
Step 12: Repeatedly press the Down Arrow key to read all the
files and folder in this window. Each time you press the Down
Arrow key you select a different item. Hal reads each selected
item.
Step 13: Return to the main My Computer window by pressing Tab
to move the focus to the Drives and Folders pull-down list box.
Hal announces, "C Pull-down List Box."
Step 14: Press Alt-Down Arrow to open the pull-down list box.
Press the Up Arrow until Hal announces, "My Computer." Then,
press Enter to display the contents of the main My Computer
window.
Step 15: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the title
bar. Hal announces, "Window My Computer My Computer Pull-down
List Box."
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
The My Computer window lists all the drives available on your
computer.
Each drive contains unique folders and files. In order to work
with the folders and files on your various drives, you must
access the drive where the files and folders reside.
Windows 95 assigns descriptive labels to the drives on your
computer. Each computer can have different labels for its drives
because the labels are assigned when the computer is setup, and
Windows allows you to change the labels.
You can access a new drive by choosing the drive in the Drives
and Folders pull-down list box. When Hal reads the drive you
want, press Enter to display the contents of the selected drive
in the window.
If Hal reads another drive option, press the Up or Down Arrow key
until Hal reads the hard drive, (C:). (If the mouse pointer
happens to be in the pull-down list box, the drive the mouse
pointer is on is automatically selected. When this occurs, you
must make sure you use the arrow keys to select the correct drive
or folder.)
The title bar always lists the current path.
The window always lists the contents of the current drive.
By default, Windows lists drives before folders and folders
before files.
You can press the Up or Down Arrow key to read the files and
folders in this window. Each time you press the Up or Down Arrow
key you select a different item. Hal reads each selected item.
Topic: Opening Folders
Introduction: Most of the folders on your computer appear in
your hard drive, although you may have folders on a floppy disk
or CD-ROM. To access the folders, you must access the drive
first. Once you list the contents of the drive, you can open the
folder to reveal the contents of the folder.
Exercise Objective: In this exercise, you will open the Windows
folder on your hard drive (C:) and the Example folder on the
Window 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk.
Exercise: Accessing Folders on the Hard Drive and a Floppy Disk
Complete the following sixteen steps to open the Windows folder
on your hard drive and the Example folder on the Window 95 with
Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify My
Computer is the active program.
Step 2: Press Tab to move the focus to the list of folders and
files.
Step 3: Select the A drive by pressing the Up or Down Arrow key
until Hal announces, "3 Floppy A."
Step 4: Press Enter to list the contents of the floppy disk.
When the information appears, Hal announces, "Empty."
Step 5: Press the Down Arrow key until Hal announces, "Example."
Then, press Enter to open the Example folder. Hal announces,
"Test1.doc" when the folder opens.
Tip: You may repeatedly press the first letter of the
folder name to move the selection cursor directly to the
folder. For example, you could press E to select the Example
folder instead of pressing the arrow keys to find and select
it.
Step 6: Repeatedly press the Down Arrow key to review the
contents of the Example folder
Step 7: Access the C drive by pressing Tab to move the focus to
the Drives and Folders pull-down list box. Hal announces,
"Example Pull-down List Box." Press Alt-Down Arrow to open the
pull-down list box.
Step 8: Select the C drive by pressing the Down Arrow key until
Hal announces, "Volume1 (C:)." Then, press Enter to list the
contents of the C drive.
Reminder: The label for your hard drive may differ. Listen
closely for Hal to read the label followed by "(C:)."
Step 9: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the title
bar. Hal announces, "Window C C Pull-down List Box," indicating
the contents of the C drive appear in the window.
Step 10: Press the Tab key to move the focus to the list of
folders and files.
Step 11: Select the Windows folder by pressing the W key until
Hal announces, "Windows." Then, press Enter to open the Windows
folder. Hal reads the name of first folder in the Windows folder
when the information appears.
Step 12: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the title
bar. Hal announces, "Window C Windows," followed by the first
item in the folder indicating the contents of the Windows folder
appear in the window.
Step 13: Repeatedly press the Down Arrow key to review the
contents of the Windows folder.
Step 14: Return to the main My Computer window by pressing Tab
to move the focus to the Drives and Folders pull-down list box.
Hal announces, "C Pull-down List Box."
Step 15: Press Alt-Down Arrow to open the pull-down list box.
Press the Up Arrow until Hal announces, "My Computer." Then,
press Enter to display the contents of the main My Computer
window.
Step 16: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the title
bar. Hal announces, "Window My Computer My Computer Pull-down
List Box."
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
To open a folder, you must first access the drive in which it
resides.
Once you list the contents of the drive, you can open a folder to
reveal the contents of the folder.
You can open a folder by pressing the Up or Down Arrow key to
select the folder. When Hal reads the folder you want, press
Enter to display the contents of the folder in the window.
If you know the name of the folder, you can repeatedly press the
first letter of the folder name to move the selection cursor
directly to the folder. When Hal reads the folder you want, press
Enter to display the contents of the folder in the window.
The title bar always lists the current path.
The window always lists the contents of the open folder.
Topic: Selecting and Deselecting Files
Introduction: As you work on your computer, you may want to
move, delete, rename, or copy files on your computer. You can
perform all of these tasks using the My Computer window. Before
you can perform a function on a file, however, you must select
the file to let the computer know which file you want it to
handle. For example, if you want to copy a file, you must select
the file before you execute the Copy command.
If you want to perform the same function on several files,
Windows allows you to select more than one file at a time. If you
decide not to include a file, you can deselect the file.
Once you have selected the files, you can execute a command. You
will learn more about managing your files in Part Two of this
lesson.
Exercise Objectives: In the following three exercises, you will
select consecutive and non-consecutive files on a floppy disk.
You will also learn to deselect a selected file.
Exercise: Selecting Consecutive Files
Complete the following eleven steps to select consecutive files
on the Windows 95 with HAL 2.01 Tutorial Files floppy disk.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify the My
Computer window is the active window. Hal announces, "Window My
Computer My Computer Pull-down List Box."
Note: These instructions assume your floppy disk drive is
the A drive, and your hard drive is the C drive. If not,
replace the letter A with the letter for your floppy disk
drive and the letter C with the letter for your hard drive.
Step 2: Insert the Windows 95 with HAL 2.01 Tutorial Files disk
into the floppy drive.
Step 3: Press the Spacebar to select the A drive. Hal announces,
"3 Floppy (A:)."
Step 4: Press Enter to list the contents of the floppy disk.
When the information appears, Hal announces, "Empty."
Step 5: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the title
bar. Hal announces, "Window A Empty," indicating the contents of
the floppy disk appear in the window. A selection cursor appears
around Empty, the first item on the disk.
Step 6: Select the Example folder by pressing E until Hal
announces, "Example." Then, press Enter to open the Example
folder. Hal announces, "Test1.doc" when the information appears.
Step 7: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the title
bar. Hal announces, "Window A Example Test1.doc" indicating the
contents of the Example folder appear in the window. A selection
cursor appears around Test2.doc, the first item in the Example
folder.
Step 8: Select the Test1.doc, Test2.doc, and Test3.doc files.
Press the Spacebar to select the first file, Test1.doc. Then,
press Shift-Down Arrow to select Test2.doc. Continue to hold down
the Shift key, and press the Down Arrow key to select Test3.doc.
A selection cursor appears around all selected files. Hal reads
each file as it is selected.
Important! If you press the Down Arrow key without holding
down the Shift key, you cancel the selection.
Step 9: Verify the number of objects selected by reading the
status bar. Press Left Shift-Spacebar to activate Navigation
mode. Press the Plus key to change the Review Area until Hal
announces, "Navigation Restricted to Window."
Step 10: Press the Down Arrow until Hal announces, "Three
Objects Selected." Then, press Escape to exit Navigation mode.
The files remain selected.
Tip: If you are unsure of the files selected, press Home
and begin the selection process again. Hal reads each file
as it is selected.
Step 11: Press the Down Arrow key to deselect the selected
files. Hal announces, "Test4.doc." The selection cursor appears
around Test4.doc only.
Exercise: Selecting Non-Consecutive Files
Complete the following eight steps to select non-consecutive
files on the Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify the
contents of the Example folder appear in the window. Hal
announces, "Window A Example Test1.doc."
Step 2: Select the Test1.doc file. Press the Up Arrow key until
Hal announces, "Test1.doc." A selection cursor appears around the
file name.
Step 3: Press and hold down the Ctrl key to begin the non-
consecutive file selection.
Step 4: Continue to hold down the Ctrl key while pressing the
Down Arrow twice to move a temporary selection cursor to
Test3.doc. The file Test1.doc remains selected as you move the
temporary selection cursor.
Important! If you press the Down Arrow key without holding
down the Ctrl key, you cancel the selection.
Step 5: When Hal reads Test3.doc, press the Spacebar to include
Test3.doc in the selection. Hal announces, "Test3.doc." Once you
press the Spacebar, the selection cursor also appears around
Test3.doc. The Test1.doc file remains selected as well.
Step 6: Verify the number of objects selected by reading the
status bar. Press Left Shift-Spacebar to enter Navigation Mode.
Press the Plus key to change the Review Area until Hal announces,
"Navigation Restricted to Window."
Step 7: Press the Down Arrow key until Hal announces, "Two
Objects Selected." Then, press Escape to exit Navigation Mode.
The two files remain selected.
Step 8: Press the Down Arrow key to deselect the selected files.
Hal does not indicate the files were deselected. Hal announces,
"Test4.doc."
Exercise: Deselecting Files
Complete the following fourteen steps to select three files, then
deselect one file you have included in a selection.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify the
contents of the Example folder appear in the window. Hal
announces, "Window A Example Test4.doc."
Step 2: Press the Home key to move the selection cursor to the
first file, Test1.doc. Hal announces, "Test1.doc."
Step 3: Press and hold down the Ctrl key to begin a non-
consecutive file selection.
Step 4: Continue to hold down the Ctrl key while pressing the
Down Arrow key twice to move the temporary selection cursor to
Test3.doc. The file Test1.doc remains selected as you move the
temporary selection cursor.
Reminder: If you press the Down Arrow key without holding
down the Ctrl key, you cancel the selection.
Step 5: Press the Spacebar to include the Test3.doc file in the
selection. Hal announces, "Test3.doc." Once you press the
Spacebar, a selection cursor appears around Test1.doc and
Test3.doc.
Step 6: Press and hold down the Ctrl key. Then, press the Down
Arrow key once to move the temporary selection cursor to
Test4.doc. The Test1.doc and Test3.doc files remain selected as
you move the temporary selection cursor.
Step 7: Press the Spacebar to include Test4.doc file in the
selection. Hal announces, "Test4.doc." Once you press the
Spacebar, a selection cursor also appears around Test4.doc.
Step 8: Verify the number of objects selected by reading the
status bar. Press Left Shift-Spacebar to enter Navigation Mode.
Press the Plus key to change the Review Area until Hal announces,
"Navigation Restricted to Window."
Step 9: Press the Down Arrow key until Hal announces, "Three
Objects Selected." Then, press Escape to exit Navigation Mode.
The files remain selected.
Step 10: Press and hold down the Ctrl key. Then, press the Up
Arrow key once to move the focus to Test3.doc.
Step 11: Deselect Test3.doc by pressing Right Ctrl-Spacebar.
Once you press Right Ctrl-Spacebar, Windows removes Test3.doc
from the selection. Hal announces, "Test3.doc."
Step 12: Verify the number of objects selected by reading the
status bar. Press Left Shift-Spacebar to enter Navigation Mode.
Press the Plus key to change the Review Area until Hal announces,
"Navigation Restricted to Window."
Step 13: Press the Down Arrow key until Hal announces, "Two
Objects Selected." Then, press Escape to exit Navigation Mode.
The files remain selected.
Step 14: Press the Up Arrow key to deselect the remaining
selected files. Hal does not indicate the files were deselected.
Hal announces, "Test2.doc" indicating the selection cursor
appears around Test2.doc.
Tip - Selecting All Files: If you would like to select all the
folders and files in a folder, use the Select All command. Choose
this command from the Edit menu, or use the keyboard shortcut
Ctrl-A.
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You must select a file before you can execute a command to
manipulate it.
You can select more than one file at a time by holding down the
Shift key and pressing an Up or Down Arrow key repeatedly.
You can select more than one non-consecutive file at a time by
holding down the Ctrl key and pressing the Up or Down Arrow key
repeatedly. Then, press the Spacebar when Hal reads the file you
want to include in the selection.
You can remove a single file from a selection by pressing Right
Ctrl-Spacebar.
You can select all the folders and files in a folder by pressing
Ctrl-A.
You can press the Up or Down Arrow key to deselect selected
files.
Topic: Verifying Selected Drive, Folders, and Files
Introduction: Currently, Hal does not offer a keystroke to
verify which drive, folder, or file is selected. You can,
however, use one of Hal's features to help you verify the
selection. When a selection cursor appears around an item, a
frame outlines the item and the color of item changes. You can
change the settings on Hal's Control Panel so that when Hal
encounters a color change in Navigation Mode, it will indicate
the change. For example, Hal will announce, "Color White,"
followed by the drive, file, or folder when the mouse pointer
lands on a selected item. By default, the text label for drives,
folders, and files appears is black. When an item is selected,
the text label for the item appears white. Therefore, whenever
Hal announces, "Color White," followed by the name of a drive,
folder, or file, a selection cursor appears around that item.
Exercise Objectives: In the following # exercises, you will set
the Announce Color Change option so that Hal will indicate color
changes. You will then verify a selected file in Navigation Mode.
Exercise: Setting the Announce Color Change Option
Complete the following four steps to set the Announce Color
Change option so that Hal will indicate color changes.
Step 1: Press Left Ctrl-Spacebar to open Hal's Control Panel.
Step 2: Move to the Navigation Mode tabbed page by pressing Ctrl-
Tab until Hal announces, "Navigation Mode Property Sheet Voice
Perfect Paul Pull-down List Box."
Step 3: Press Tab until Hal announces, "Color Change Unselected
Check Box." Press the Spacebar to select the Color Change option.
Hal announces, "Selected Check Box. "
Step 4: Press Tab until Hal announces, "OK Button." Then, press
Enter to accept the change and close the Hal Control panel. The
focus returns to the My Computer window.
Exercise: Verifying Selected Files
Complete the following five steps to verify a selected file in
Navigation Mode.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify the
contents of the Example folder appear in the window. Hal
announces, "Window A Example Test2.doc."
Step 2: Press the Down Arrow key to select Test3.doc. Hal
announces, "Test3.doc."
Step 3: Press Left Shift-Spacebar to activate the Navigation
Mode. Hal announces, "Entering Navigation Mode," followed by the
item on which the mouse pointer appears.
Step 4: Press the Up and Down Arrow keys to review the files.
Notice that when Hal reads Test3.doc, it announces, "Bitmap Color
White Test3.doc," indicating this file is selected. When Hal
reads Test4.doc, it announces, "Bitmap Color Black Test4.doc,"
indicating this file is not selected.
Step 5: Press Escape to exit Navigation Mode.
What You Learned: In these exercises, you learned:
Hal does not offer a keystroke to verify which drive, folder, or
file is selected.
You can use Hal's Announce Color option to help you verify the
selection. When a selection cursor appears around an item, a
frame outlines the item and the color of item changes.
By default, the text label for drives, folders, and files appears
is black. When an item is selected, the text label for the item
appears white. Therefore, whenever Hal announces, "Color White,"
followed by the name of a drive, folder, or file, a selection
cursor appears around that item.
Part One - Lesson Summary
Conclusion: In part one of this lesson, you learned how to open,
review, and close the My Computer window. You reviewed important
terms associated with the My Computer window. You accessed your
hard drive and the floppy disk drive. You opened and reviewed the
contents of folders on your hard drive and on the Window 95 with
Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk. Finally, you learned one method of
verifying a selected drive, folder, or file. If you are not sure
how to do any of these tasks, review the previous exercises
before moving on to part two of this lesson.
Exit My Computer: When you complete the exercises in Part One of
this lesson, press Alt-F4 to exit My Computer.
Take A Break: Once you completed the exercise in the Accessing a
Folder topic, you should take a break before beginning part two
of this lesson. When you begin part two, your computer should be
turned on, and you should have Windows and Hal.
Part Two: Managing Folders and Files
Open the My Computer Window: Complete the following three steps
to open the My Computer window before you begin Part Two of this
lesson.
Step 1: Press Ctrl-Escape to open the Start menu. Hal announces,
"Entering Pop-up Menu No Selection." Press Escape to close the
Start menu. Then, press Tab twice to move the focus to the
Desktop.
Step 2: Select the My Computer program icon by pressing M until
Hal announces, "My Computer."
Step 3: With the My Computer program icon selected, press Enter
to activate the program icon and open the My Computer window. Hal
announces, "My Computer 3 Floppy A."
Materials Needed: To complete the exercises in Part Two, you
must have the floppy disk labeled Window 95 with Hal 2.01
Tutorial Files. You should have received this disk when you
received this tutorial.
Topic: Creating New Folders
Introduction: You can create new folders using the New command
on the File menu. Because folders help you organize your files,
you may want to create new folders to store new files.
Folder Name Guidelines: You must assign a name to any new folder
you create. The name can be from 1 to 255 characters long. You
can use most characters, including spaces. You may not use any of
the following characters: * ? :[ ] + " \ / | < >. You cannot use
a period. The name you assign to a folder should be descriptive
enough to let you know its contents.
If you share your folders with anyone who uses Windows 3.1, you
should restrict your folder names to eight characters. When the
Windows 3.1 program encounters a folder or file name that is
longer than eight characters in length, it will list part of the
name followed by a tilde (~).
Exercise Objective: In this exercise, you will create a new
folder on your C drive.
Exercise: Create a New Folder on Your C Drive
Complete the following ten steps to create a new folder on your C
drive.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify the
contents of the Example folder appear in the window. Hal
announces, "Window A Example" followed by the currently selected
item.
Step 2: Switch to the C drive by pressing Tab to move the focus
to the Drives and Folders pull-down list box. Press Alt-Down
Arrow to open the list of drives and folders.
Step 3: Press the Down Arrow key until Hal announces, "Volume1
(C:)." Then, press Enter to list the contents of the C drive.
If Hal reads another drive option, press the Up or Down
Arrow key until Hal reads the hard drive, (C:). Then, press
Enter. (Remember, if the mouse pointer happens to be in the
pull-down list box, the drive the mouse pointer is on is
automatically selected. When this occurs, you must make sure
you use the arrow keys to select the correct drive or
folder.)
Step 4: Press Tab to move the focus to the list of folders and
files.
Step 5: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the window
title. Hal announces, "Window C" followed by the currently
selected item.
Step 6: Press Alt-F to pull down the File menu. Hal announces,
"Entering File Menu New Has Sub-menu."
Step 7: Press W to select and execute the New command. The New
sub-menu appears to the right of the File menu. Hal announces,
"Entering New Folder."
Step 8: Press Enter to execute the Folder command. Hal
announces, "Exited Menu New Folder Edit Area." Windows inserts
a new folder and temporarily assigns it the name "New Folder."
The name is selected and an insertion point appears to the right
of the name.
Step 9: Assign a name to the folder by typing Demo. Windows
automatically replaces "New Folder" with "Demo." Then, press
Enter to accept the name. Hal announces, "Demo."
Tip: To verify the name before you press Enter to accept
it, press the 0 (zero) key.
Step 10: Verify the new folder was created. Press Home to move
the selection cursor to the first item in the list. Then, press D
until Hal announces, "Demo."
Note: Windows always inserts new folders at the end of the
list. Refresh the screen to place the folder in
alphabetical order. Press F5 to activate the Refresh
command.
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You can create new folders on your computer and floppy disk.
The name you assign a folder can be from 1 to 255 characters
long. You can use most characters, including spaces. You cannot
use the following characters: * ? :[ ] + " \ / | < >. You cannot
use a period.
The New command appears on the File menu. The Folder command
appears on the New sub-menu.
Windows temporarily assigns new folders the name "New Folder."
You should replace this name by typing the new name.
Topic: Copying Files And Folders
Introduction: You can copy files and folders listed in one
location, called the source, to another location, called the
destination. When you use the Copy and Paste commands, you will
have two copies of the selected files and folders, one copy
residing in the source and the other residing in the destination.
The Copy and Paste commands are on the Edit menu. The hot key for
Copy command is the C key. This tutorial uses the keyboard
shortcut, Ctrl-C, when directing you to use the Copy command. The
hot key for the Paste command is the P key. This tutorial uses
the keyboard shortcut, Ctrl-V, when directing you to use the
Paste command.
Exercise Objective: In this exercise, you will copy two files on
the Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk and place them
in Demo folder on your C drive.
Materials Needed: To complete this exercise, you need the floppy
disk labeled Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files. You should
have received this disk when you received this tutorial.
Exercise: Copying Files to the Demo Folder
Complete the following thirteen steps to copy two files in the
Example folder on the disk to the Demo folder on your C drive.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the window
title. Hal announces, "Window C" followed by the currently
selected item.
Step 2: List the contents of the A drive. Press Tab to move the
focus to the Drives and Folders pull-down list box. Then, press
Alt-Down Arrow to open the list of drives and folders.
Step 3: Press the Up Arrow key until Hal announces, "3 Floppy
A." Then, press Enter to list the contents of the floppy disk.
Step 4: Press Tab to move the focus to the list of folders and
files.
Step 5: Open the Example folder. (Press the E key until Hal
announces, "Example." Then, press Enter to open the folder.)
Step 6: Select the Test1.doc and Test2.doc files. (Press the
Spacebar to select the first file, Test1.doc. Then, press Shift-
Down Arrow to select Test2.doc.) Hal reads the file as it is
selected.
Reminder: You can use Navigation mode to verify which files
are selected. Press Left Shift-Spacebar to activate
Navigation Mode. Then, press the Down Arrow key until Hal
reads the status bar information. Press Escape to exit
Navigation Mode.
Step 7: Press Ctrl-C to activate the Copy command. Windows
places a copy of the files on the clipboard. Hal announces
"Control C."
Step 8: Go to the Demo folder. Press Tab to move to the Drives
and Folders pull-down list box. Then, press Alt-Down Arrow to
open the pull-down list box.
Step 9: Press the Down Arrow key until Hal announces, "Volume1
(C:)." Then, press Enter to list the contents of the C drive.
Step 10: Press Tab to move the focus to the list of folders and
files.
Step 11: Open the Demo folder. (Press the D key until Hal
announces, "Demo." Then, press Enter to open the folder.)
Reminder: To verify the Demo folder is open, press the
Minus key on the Number pad. Hal announces, "Window C Demo."
Step 12: Press Ctrl-V to activate the Paste command. Windows
inserts the copied files into the Demo folder. Hal announces,
"Control Copying Test2.doc."
Step 13: Press the Up and Down Arrow keys to verify the files
were copied.
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You can copy files and folders listed in one location to another
location.
You will have two copies of the selected files and folders when
you use the Copy and Paste commands.
The keyboard shortcut for the Copy command is Ctrl-C.
The keyboard shortcut for the Paste command is Ctrl-V.
Topic: Moving Files And Folders
Introduction: You can move files and folders listed in one
location, called the source, to another location, called the
destination. When you move a file or folder, the selected file or
folder will only reside in the destination.
Use caution when moving system or program files. You may
encounter problems if your computer or program does not know
where to find these files.
The Cut and Paste commands are on the Edit menu. The hot key for
Cut command is the T key. This tutorial uses the keyboard
shortcut, Ctrl-X, when directing you to use the Cut command. The
hot key for Paste command is the P key. This tutorial uses the
keyboard shortcut, Ctrl-V, when directing you to use the Paste
command.
Exercise Objective: In this exercise, you will move one file on
the Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk to the Demo
folder on your C drive.
Exercise: Moving a File to the Demo Folder
Complete the following twelve steps to move one file in the
Example folder on the tutorial disk to the Demo folder on your C
drive.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the window
title. Hal announces, "Window C Demo" followed by the currently
selected item.
Step 2: List the contents of the A drive. Press Tab to move the
focus to the Drives and Folders pull-down list box. Then, press
Alt-Down Arrow to open the list of drives and folders.
Step 3: Press the Up Arrow until Hal announces, "3 Floppy A."
Then, press Enter to access the floppy disk drive.
Step 4: Press Tab to move the focus to the list of folders and
files.
Step 5: Open the Example folder. (Press the E key until Hal
announces, "Example." Then, press Enter to open the folder.)
Step 6: Select the Test3.doc file. (Press the Down Arrow key
until Hal announces, "Test3.doc.")
Step 7: Press Ctrl-X to activate the Cut command. Windows places
the file on the clipboard and dims the file indicating the file
will be moved. Hal announces "Control X."
Step 8: Access the C drive. Press Tab to move to the Drives and
Folders pull-down list box. Then, press the Down Arrow key until
Hal announces, "Volume1 (C:)." Press Enter to list the contents
of the C drive.
Step 9: Press Tab to move the focus to the list of folders and
files.
Step 10: Open the Demo folder. (Press the D key until Hal
announces, "Demo." Then, press Enter to open the folder.)
Tip: To verify the Demo folder is open, press the Minus key
on the Number pad. Hal announces, "Window C Demo" followed
by the currently selected item.
Step 11: Press Ctrl-V to activate Paste command. Windows inserts
the Test3.doc file into the Demo folder. Hal announces, "Control
Moving Test3.doc."
Step 12: Press the Up and Down Arrow keys to verify Windows
inserted the file into the Demo folder.
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You can move files and folders listed in one location to another
location.
When you move a file or folder, the selected file or folder will
only reside in the destination.
The keyboard shortcut for the Cut command is Ctrl-X.
The keyboard shortcut for the Paste command is Ctrl-V.
Topic: Renaming Files And Folders
Introduction: You can rename files and folders using the Rename
command on the File menu. You may want to rename your folders and
files to help you keep your information organized and up to date.
The Rename command appears on the File menu. This tutorial
directs you to use the keyboard shortcut, F2, when renaming a
file or folder.
File and Folder Name Guidelines: When you rename a file or
folder, the name can be from 1 to 255 characters long. A filename
can include an optional period and a one to three character
extension. You can use most characters, including spaces. You may
not use any of the following characters: * ? : " + \ / | < >. You
cannot use a period except to separate the filename from the
extension. The file extension is optional as all Windows programs
automatically assign an extension. Do not assign an extension to
a folder name. The name you assign to a file or folder should be
descriptive enough to let you know its contents.
If you share your files or folders with anyone who uses Windows
3.1, you should restrict your folder names to eight characters.
When the Windows 3.1 program encounters a folder or filename that
is longer than eight characters in length, it will list part of
the name followed by a tilde (~).
Exercise Objective: In this exercise, you will rename the Empty
folder on the Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk.
Exercise Steps: Rename a Folder on a Floppy Disk
Complete the following eight steps to rename the Empty folder on
the Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the window
title. Hal announces, "Window C Demo" followed by the currently
selected item.
Step 2: List the contents of the A drive. Press Tab to move the
focus to the Drives and Folders pull-down list box. Then, press
the Down Arrow key to open the list of drives and folders.
Step 3: Press the Up Arrow key until Hal announces, "3 Floppy
A." Then, press Enter to access the floppy disk drive.
If Hal reads another drive option, press the Up or Down
Arrow key until Hal reads the floppy drive, (A:). Then,
press Enter.
Step 4: Press Tab to move the focus to the list of folders and
files.
Step 5: Press the Spacebar to select the Empty folder. Hal
announces, "Empty."
Step 6: Press F2 to execute the Rename command. A selection
cursor appears around the name "Empty" and an insertion point
appears to the right of the name. Hal announces, "Empty Edit
Area."
Step 7: Rename the folder by typing Full. Windows automatically
replaces the name "Empty" with "Full." Then, press Enter to
accept the name. Hal announces, "Full."
Tip: To verify the name before you press Enter to accept
it, press the 0 key on the Number pad.
Step 8: Verify Windows renamed the folder. Press the Up and Down
Arrow keys to read through the list of folders.
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You can rename files and folders using the Rename command on the
File menu.
The keyboard shortcut for the Rename command is F2.
When you execute the Rename command, a selection cursor appears
around the current filename and an insertion point appears to the
right of the name.
The name you assign a folder or file can be from 1 to 255
characters long. You can use most characters, including spaces.
You cannot use the following characters: * ? : " \ / + | < >. You
cannot use a period except to separate the file name from the
extension.
Filenames can include an optional period and a one to three
character extension. The file extension is optional as all
Windows programs automatically assign an extension. Do not assign
an extension to a folder.
Topic: Deleting Files And Folders
Introduction: You can delete files and folders using the Delete
command. When you delete a folder you also delete all the files
and folders contained in it. To save space and keep your
information organized, you should delete files and folders when
you no longer need them.
When you delete a file or folder from your hard drive, Windows
places the information in the Recycle Bin. If you mistakenly
delete a file or folder, you can retrieve it from the Recycle
Bin. You cannot, however, retrieve information deleted from a
floppy disk. You will learn more about the Recycle Bin in Lesson
Four: Working With the Recycle Bin.
The Delete command appears on the File menu. The D key is the hot
key for this command. This tutorial always directs you to use the
keyboard shortcut, Delete key, when deleting files or folders.
Exercise Objective: In this exercise, you will delete two files
in the Demo folder.
Exercise: Delete Two Files in the Demo Folder
Complete the following ten steps to delete the Test1.doc and
Test2.doc files in the Demo folder on the C drive.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the window
title. Hal announces, "Window A" followed by the currently
selected item.
Step 2: List the contents of the C drive. Press Tab to move the
focus to the Drives and Folders pull-down list box. Then, press
the Down Arrow key to open the list of drives and folders.
Step 3: Press the Down Arrow until Hal announces, "Volume (C:)."
Then, press Enter to list the contents of the C drive.
Step 4: Press Tab to move the focus to the list of folders and
files.
Step 5: Press D until Hal announces, "Demo." Then, press Enter
to open the Demo folder.
Tip: To verify the Demo folder is open, press the Minus
key. Hal announces, "Window C Demo Test1.doc."
Step 6: Press the Spacebar to select the first file, Test1.doc.
Then, press Shift-Down Arrow to select Test2.doc. Hal reads each
file as it is selected.
Step 7: Press the Delete key to delete the files. The Confirm
File Delete dialog box appears. Hal announces, "Confirm File
Delete Are You Sure You Want to Send These 2 Items to the
Recycle Bin? Yes Button." Windows 95 wants you to confirm that
you really want to delete these files from this folder.
Step 8: Press Enter to activate the Yes button and delete the
files. When Windows removes the files from this folder, Hal
announces, "Deleting Test3.doc."
Step 9: Verify the files have been removed by pressing the Up
and Down Arrow keys to move through the list of files.
Step 10: Close the My Computer window by pressing Alt-F4. Hal
announces, "My Computer."
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You can delete files and folders you are no longer using.
When you delete a file or folder from your computer, Windows
places the information in the Recycle Bin. You cannot, however,
retrieve information deleted from a floppy disk.
When you delete a folder, you also delete all the files and
folders contained in it.
Windows prompts you to confirm the deletion of your files and
folders.
The keyboard shortcut to delete a file or folder is the Delete
key.
Part Two - Lesson Summary
Conclusion: You gained more experience with the My Computer
window. You learned how to create a new folder, and how to copy,
move, rename, and delete files and folders. If you are not sure
how to do any of these tasks, review the previous exercises
before moving on to part three of this lesson.
Exit My Computer: When you complete the exercises in Part Two of
this lesson, press Alt-F4 to exit My Computer.
Take A Break: Once you completed the exercise in the "Deleting
Files and Folders" topic, you should take a break before
beginning Part Three of this lesson. When you begin Part Three,
your computer should be turned on, and you should have Windows
and Hal.
Part Three: Managing Your Floppy Disks
Open the My Computer Window: Complete the following three steps
to open the My Computer window before you begin Part Three of
this lesson.
Step 1: Press Ctrl-Escape to open the Start menu. Hal announces,
"Entering Pop-up Menu No Selection." Press Escape to close the
Start menu. Then, press Tab twice to move the focus to the
Desktop.
Step 2: Select the My Computer program icon by pressing M until
Hal announces, "My Computer."
Step 3: With the My Computer program icon selected, press Enter
to activate the program icon and open the My Computer window. Hal
announces, "My Computer 3 Floppy A."
Materials Needed: To complete the exercises in Part Three, you
must have the floppy disk labeled Window 95 with Hal 2.01
Tutorial Files. You should have received this disk when you
received this tutorial.
Topic: Formatting A Floppy Disk
Introduction: A floppy disk must be formatted before you can use
it to store information. Formatting a disk prepares the disk to
be used, and may remove any existing files on the disk. Most
newly purchased disks are already formatted; however, if you are
using an older disk or you want to recycle a disk with existing
data, it may need to be formatted. You can format a disk using
the Format command on the File menu. This command is only
available when the focus is on the main My Computer window.
Caution! Make sure you are formatting the correct floppy disk as
you will not be able to recover information on a disk that is
accidentally formatted.
Exercise Objectives: In the following two exercises, you will
review the Format dialog box and format a floppy disk.
Exercise: Reviewing the Format Dialog Box
Complete the following seven steps to review the Format dialog
box.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify the My
Computer window is the active window.
Step 2: Insert a blank disk into the floppy disk drive.
Step 3: Press the Spacebar to select the floppy disk drive. Hal
announces, "3 Floppy A." Do not press Enter.
Step 4: Press Alt-F to open the File menu.
Step 5: Press M to select and execute the Format command. The
Format dialog box appears. Hal announces, "Exited Menu Format 3
Floppy A Capacity 1 44 MB 3 5 Pull-down List Box."
Step 6: Press the Asterisk key on the Number pad for an overview
of the dialog box. Press Tab to explore the dialog box fields.
Start: When you activate the Start button, you accept the
information in the dialog box and begin to format the disk.
Press Alt-S to activate this button.
Cancel: When you activate the Cancel button, you cancel the
Format command. The Format Disk dialog box closes. Press Alt-
C to activate this button.
Capacity: The Capacity pull-down list box indicates the
storage capacity of your floppy disk. Press Alt-P to move to
this field.
Format Types: You may choose one of three format types:
Quick (Erase): When you choose this radio button,
Windows removes all files from the disk without
scanning the disk for bad sectors. You may only use
this option with disks that have previously been
formatted. Use this option when you are sure that your
disk is not damaged. (Windows marks this radio button
by default.) Press Alt-Q to move to this field.
Full: When you choose this radio button, Windows
prepares the disk to store information on it. If the
disk has any files on it, formatting will remove the
files. Windows scans the disks for bad sectors. Press
Alt-F to move to this field.
Copy System Files Only: When you choose this radio
button, Windows copies system files to a disk that is
already formatted without erasing the files already on
the disk. Press Alt-O to move to this field.
Label: You can use this field to specify a name for the
disk. The label can contain up to 11 characters and can be
either upper or lowercase. Refer to the topic "Labeling a
Floppy Disk" in this lesson for more information. Press Alt-
L to move to this field.
No Label: When you select this check box, Windows will not
insert a label for the formatted disk. Press Alt-N to move
to this field.
Display Summary When Finished: When you select this check
box, Windows provides you with information about the
formatted disk. The summary includes the amount of space
available on the disk and the amount of space used by the
system files or bad sectors. (Windows marks this check box
by default.) Press Alt-D to move to this field.
Copy System Files: When you select this check box, Windows
copies system files to the disk after it is formatted. Press
Alt-Y to move to this field.
Step 7: When you are finished reviewing the Format dialog box,
press Escape to close it.
Exercise: Format a Floppy Disk
Complete the following eight steps to format a blank disk. In
this exercise, you will use the default settings in the Format
dialog box.
Step 1: Verify a blank disk is in the floppy disk drive.
Step 2: Press the Down then Up Arrow key to select the floppy
disk drive. Hal announces, "3 Floppy A." (Do not press Enter.)
Step 3: Press Alt-F to open the File menu.
Step 4: Press M to select and execute the Format command. The
Format dialog box appears. Hal announces, "Exited Menu Format 3
Floppy A Capacity 1 44 MB 3 5 Pull-down List Box."
Step 5: Press Tab to determine the Format settings in the dialog
box.
Step 6: Press Tab until Hal announces, "Start Button." Then,
press Enter.
A few moments may pass before Hal reads anything. Hal announces,
"Cancel Cancel Button." Although the dialog box indicates the
percentage complete, Hal does not read this information. However,
when Windows finishes formatting the disk, a Format Results
dialog box appears. Hal announces, "Format Results 3 Floppy A"
followed by the information in the dialog box.
Step 7: Press Enter to activate the Close button and close the
Format Results dialog box. The focus returns to the Format dialog
box.
Step 8: Press Escape to close the Formatting dialog box. Hal
announces, "My Computer 3 Floppy A."
Tip - Cancel Formatting: To cancel the formatting after it has
begun, press Escape. Windows cancels the formatting operation.
Press Escape to close the Format dialog box.
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You should use caution when formatting a disk as you will not be
able to recover information on a disk that is accidentally
formatted.
Formatting a disk prepares the disk to be used, and may remove
any existing information on the disk.
If you are using an older disk or you want to recycle a disk with
existing data, you may need to reformat it.
The Format command appears on the File menu. This command is only
available when the focus is on the main My Computer window and
the floppy disk is selected.
Topic: Copying A Floppy Disk
Introduction: You can use the Copy Disk command to copy the
contents of one floppy disk, called the source disk, to another
disk with the same storage capacity, called the destination disk.
When you use the Copy Disk command, Windows overwrites the
contents of the destination disk. If the destination disk is not
formatted, Windows formats it for you. When the disk copy
operation is complete, you will have two copies of the files
and/or folders, one copy residing on the source disk and the
other residing on the destination disk.
You do not need two floppy disk drives to use the Copy Disk
command. Windows prompts you to switch disks as needed.
Exercise Objective: In this exercise, you will copy the contents
of one disk to another disk.
Materials Needed: To complete this exercise you will need a
blank disk and the Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk.
You can use the blank disk you formatted in the last exercise.
Exercise: Copy a Floppy Disk
Complete the following eight steps to copy the contents of one
disk to another disk.
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to verify My
Computer is the active program. Hal announces, "Window My
Computer 3 Floppy A."
Step 2: Insert the Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk
into the floppy disk drive.
Step 3: Press the Spacebar to select the floppy disk drive. Hal
announces, "3 Floppy A." Do not press Enter.
Note: If Hal only announces, "Spacebar," the drive is
already selected.
Step 4: Press Alt-F to pull down the File menu.
Step 5: Press Y to select and execute the Copy Disk command. The
Copy Disk dialog box appears. Hal announces, "Exited Menu Copy
Disk Start Button." Press the Asterisk key on the Number pad for
an overview of this dialog box.
Note: You cannot stop the copy operation once Windows begins
copying the information to the destination disk. If you want
to stop the copy operation, do not activate the OK button.
Instead, press Escape at this point. The focus will return
to the Copy Disk dialog box. Press Escape again to close
this dialog box.
Step 6: Press Enter to activate the Start button. Windows begins
copying the contents of the Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial
Files disk.
When Windows finishes copying the contents of the disk, Hal
announces, "Copy Disk Insert the Disk You Want to Copy to
(Destination Disk), And Then Click OK OK Button."
Step 7: Remove the Windows 95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk
from the floppy drive and replace it with a blank disk. Then,
press Enter to activate the OK button. Hal announces, "Copy Disk
Cancel Button."
Hal announces, "Close," when the disk copy operation is complete.
Step 8: Press Escape to close the Copy Disk dialog box. Hal
announces, "My Computer 3 Floppy A."
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You can copy the contents of one floppy disk (called the source
disk) to another disk with the same storage capacity (called the
destination disk).
When you use the Copy Disk command, Windows overwrites the
contents of the destination disk.
You do not need two floppy disk drives to use the Copy Disk
command. Windows prompts you to switch disks as needed.
The Copy Disk command appears on the File menu.
Topic: Labeling A Floppy Disk
Introduction: As with the drives on your computer, you can
assign a label to your floppy disks. To assign or change a drive
or floppy disk label, use the Label field on the Properties
dialog box. A label can be up to 11 characters long and can be
either uppercase or lowercase. The label should be descriptive
enough to let you know the contents of the disk or drive.
The descriptive labels for the drives always appear in the My
Computer window. However, the labels for the floppy disks do not;
the floppy disk drive is always represented with the 3 1/2 Floppy
(A:) label. When you change the name of your floppy disk, you
will only notice that change when you open its Properties dialog
box.
The Properties command appears on the File menu. The R key is the
hot key. This tutorial directs you to use the keyboard shortcut
Alt-Enter to open the Properties dialog box.
Exercise Objective: In this exercise, you will label the Windows
95 with Hal 2.01 Tutorial Files disk.
Exercise: Label a Floppy Disk
Complete the following seven steps to assign label to a floppy
disk.
Note: You can follow these same steps to change the label
for your hard drive label (C:).
Step 1: Press the Minus key on the Number pad to read the window
title. Hal announces, "Window My Computer 3 Floppy A."
Step 2: Press the Spacebar to select the floppy disk drive. Hal
announces, "3 Floppy A." Do not press Enter. (If Hal only
announces, "Spacebar," the drive is already selected.)
Step 3: Press Alt-Enter to activate the Properties command. The
Properties dialog box appears. Hal announces, "3 Floppy A
Properties General Property Tab" followed by the property
information and "Label Blank Line Edit Area Type." The insertion
point appears in the Label edit area. This dialog box has four
tabbed pages. The Label edit area appears on the General tabbed
page.
Step 4: Press the 0 key on the Number pad to verify that the
focus is on the Label edit area. Hal announces, "Blank Line."
Step 5: Assign a label to this disk by typing Exercises.
Step 6: Press Tab until Hal announces, "OK Button." Then, press
Enter to activate the OK button. Windows assigns the label to the
disk and closes the Properties dialog box. Hal announces, "My
Computer 3 Floppy A."
Step 7: To verify the disk label, select the floppy drive. Then,
press Alt-Enter. Hal announces, "3 Floppy A Properties General
Property Tab," followed by the property information and "Label
Exercises Blank Line Edit Area Type." Press Escape to close the
Properties dialog box.
What You Learned: In this exercise, you learned:
You can change the label for a floppy disk or a drive using the
Properties dialog box.
Drive labels can be up to 11 characters long and can be either
uppercase or lowercase.
Once you select the drive, press Alt-Enter to open the Properties
dialog box.
The Label edit area appears on the Properties dialog box.
Lesson Summary
Conclusion: In this lesson, you learned how to use the My
Computer window. You learned how to open, review, and close the
My Computer window. You reviewed important terms associated with
the My Computer window, such as drive, file, folder, and path.
You learned how to select drives, folder, and files, and learned
one method to verify your selection. You created, copied, moved,
renamed, and deleted folders and files. Finally, you learned how
to format a floppy disk, copy the contents of a disk, and assign
a label to a disk.
Exit My Computer: Once you completed the exercises for the topic
"Labeling a Floppy Disk," you should exit My Computer. To exit My
Computer, press Alt-F4.
Take A Break: Once you have completed this lesson, you should
take a break before beginning Lesson Four: Working With the
Recycle Bin. When you begin lesson four, your computer should be
turned on, and you should have Windows 95 and Hal running.
----------
End of Document
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