http://www.mayo.edu/proceedings/2004/jan/7901r3.pdf

Quote:

Our genetic make-up, shaped through millions of years of
evolution, determines our nutritional and activity needs.
Although the human genome has remained primarily unchanged
since the agricultural revolution 10,000 years ago,
our diet and lifestyle have become progressively more divergent
from those of our ancient ancestors. Accumulating
evidence suggests that this mismatch between our modern
diet and lifestyle and our Paleolithic genome is playing a
substantial role in the ongoing epidemics of obesity, hypertension,
diabetes, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Until 500 generations ago, all humans consumed only
wild and unprocessed food foraged and hunted from their
environment. These circumstances provided a diet high in
lean protein, polyunsaturated fats (...), monounsaturated fats, fiber,
vitamins,
minerals, antioxidants, and other beneficial phytochemicals.
Historical and anthropological studies show huntergatherers
generally to be healthy, fit, and largely free of
the degenerative cardiovascular diseases common in modern
societies. This review outlines the essence of our huntergatherer
genetic legacy and suggests practical steps to realign
our modern milieu with our ancient genome in an
effort to improve cardiovascular health.

Mayo Clin Proc. 2004;79:101-108