*               Today in Black History - November 15             *

218  - Hannibal, North African military genius, crosses the Alps with
B.C. elephants and 26,000 men in an expedition to capture Rome.

1805 - Explorers Lewis and Clark reach the mouth of the Columbia River.
        Accompanying them on their expedition is a slave named York,
        who, while technically Clark's valet, distinguished himself as
        a scout, interpreter, and emissary to the Native Americans
        encountered on the expedition.

1825 - African American feminist, Sarah Jane Woodson, is born in
        Chillicothe, Ohio.

1884 - The Berlin Conference, of European nations, is organized by German
        Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck to decide issues regarding
        the colonization of Africa.  The Europeans attending the
        conference, decide which parts of the African continent would
        be "owned" by the participants, "allowing" only Liberia and
        Ethiopia to remain free countries.  Representatives from Great
        Britain, France, Germany, Portugal, and Belgium negotiate their
        claims to African territory and establish a framework for making
        and negotiating future claims. Obviously, there is no one
        representing Africans at this conference. By 1900, nearly 90
        percent of African territory will be claimed by European states.
        For more information on the Berlin Conference, review the web site
        http://campus.northpark.edu/history/WebChron/Africa/BerlinConf.html

1887 - Granville T. Woods receives a patent for the Synchronous
        Multiplier Railway Telegraph.

1897 - Langston University, a public co-educational institution, is
        founded in Langston, Oklahoma.

1897 - Voorhees College, a private co-educational institution
        affiliated with the Episcopal Church, is founded in Denmark,
        South Carolina.

1897 - John Mercer Langston joins the ancestors at the age of 67, in
        Washington, DC.

1928 - Roland Hayes opens his fifth American Tour at New York's
        Carnegie Hall packed with admirers.

1930 - Whitman Mayo, actor (Grady -"Sanford & Son"), is born in New
        York City.

1937 - Yaphet Kotto, actor ("Brubaker", "Alien", "Raid on Entebbe",
        "Eye of the Tiger", "Roots", "Live and Let Die", "Midnight
        Run", and TV's "Homicide"), is born in New York City.

1950 - Dr. Arthur Dorrington, a dentist, becomes the first African
        American in organized hockey to suit up, a member of the
        Atlantic City Seagulls of the Eastern Amateur Hockey League.

1960 - Elgin Baylor, of the Los Angeles Lakers scores 71 points
        against the New York Knicks.

1969 - The Amistad Research Center is incorporated as an independent
        archive, library, & museum dedicated to preserving African
        American & ethnic history and culture.  The center collects
        original source materials on the history of the nation's ethnic
        minorities and race relations in the United States (over 10
        million documents).  The Amistad was organized by the Race
        Relations Department of Fisk University and the American
        Missionary Association in 1966.  The library is now located in
        Tilton Hall on the campus of Tulane University in New Orleans,
        Louisiana.

1976 - The Plains Baptist Church, home church of President Jimmy Carter,
        votes to admit African American worshipers.  The church had
        been under pressure to admit African Americans since Reverend
        Clennon King had announced his intentions to join the
        congregation.

1979 - The Nobel Prize in economics is awarded to Professor Arthur
        Lewis of Princeton University.  He is the first African
        American to receive the coveted prize in a category other than
        peace.

1979 - The NAACP's Spingarn Medal is awarded to Rosa L. Parks, who was
        the Catalyst in the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott of 1955-56.

1989 - President George Bush signs a bill to rename a Houston, Texas,
        federal building after George Thomas "Mickey" Leland, the
        Houston congressman who died in a plane crash earlier in the
        year.

1998 - Kwame Ture succumbs to prostate cancer in Guinea and joins the
        ancestors at age 57.  He was born Stokely Carmichael in the
        country of Trinidad (1941) and in 1966 coined the phrase,
        "Black Power."

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