* Today in Black History - December 8 *
1850 - The first African American woman to graduate from college is
Lucy Ann Stanton. She completes the two-year ladies' course
and receives the Bachelor of Literature degree from Oberlin
College in Ohio.
1863 - President Abraham Lincoln issues his Proclamation on Amnesty
and Reconstruction for the restoration of the Confederate
states into the Union. He offers them a full pardon and
restoration of their rights if they are willing to take an
oath of loyalty to the Union and accept the end of slavery.
1868 - Writer, Henry Hugh Proctor is born. He will be best known for
his book, "Between Black and White: Autobiographical Sketches."
He will join the ancestors in 1933.
1873 - The National Equal Rights Convention adopts a resolution to
include African Americans.
1896 - J.T. White patents the lemon squeezer.
1925 - Entertainer, Sammy Davis Jr. is born in New York City. He will
begin his career at the age of four in vaudeville, performing
with his father. Sammy will star on Broadway in "Mr. Wonderful"
and in movies with "Porgy and Bess", Ocean's Eleven, and "Robin
and the Seven Hoods." He will release over 40 albums and will
win many gold records. He will join the ancestors on May 16, 1990.
1925 - James Oscar "Jimmy" Smith is born in Norristown, Pennsylvania. He
will become a modern jazz organist with hits such as "Walk on the
Wild Side." He will rule the Hammond organ in the '50s and '60s.
He will revolutionize the instrument, showing it could be
creatively used in a jazz context and popularized in the process.
His Blue Note sessions from 1956 to 1963 were extremely influential.
He toured extensively through the '60s and '70s. His Blue Note
recordings will include superb collaborations with Kenny Burrell,
Lee Morgan, Lou Donaldson, Tina Brooks, Jackie McLean, Ike Quebec
and Stanley Turrentine among others.
1933 - Clerow Wilson is born. "Flip" Wilson is the tenth in a family
of twenty-four children, eighteen of whom survived. He will
become a popular comedian and will star in his own prime time
comedy show on television, "The Flip Wilson Show." He will join
the ancestors in 1998.
1936 - "Gibbs vs The Board of Education" in Montgomery County, Maryland
is the first of a succession of suits initiated by the NAACP,
that eliminated wage differentials between African American and
white teachers.
1936 - "The Michigan Chronicle" is founded by Louis E. Martin.
1936 - The Spingarn Medal is presented to John Hope, posthumously, for
his achievement as president of Morehouse College and for his
creative leadership in the founding of the Atlanta University
Center.
1939 - Jerry Butler is born in Sunflower, Mississippi. He will become
a rhythm and blues singer with his group, The Impressions and
will be best known for his songs, "Never Give You Up", "For
Your Precious Love," "He Will Break Your Heart," and "Only the
Strong Survive." He will become involved in the election of
Chicago's first African-American mayor, Harold Washington, work
as Cook County Commissioner and will serve as a Chicago City
Alderman.
1962 - The Reverend John Melville Burgess is consecrated as suffragan
Bishop of Massachusetts -- the first African American bishop of
the Protestant Episcopal Church to serve a predominantly white
diocese.
1967 - Major Robert H. Lawrence, Jr., the first African American
astronaut, joins the ancestors when his F-104 Starfighter crashes
at Edwards Air Force Base in California’s Mojave Desert.
1972 - Representative George Collins joins the ancestors in an airplane
crash, near Midway Airport in Chicago, Illinois, at the age of
47.
1972 - Attorney Jewel Lafontant is named Deputy Solicitor General of
the United States.
1977 - Earl Campbell, a running back with the University of Texas, is
awarded the Heisman Trophy. Campbell will play for the Houston
Oilers and be elected to the Football Hall of Fame in 1990.
1983 - Mike Rozier, of the University of Nebraska, is awarded the
Heisman Trophy.
1987 - Kurt Lidell Schmoke is inaugurated as the first African American
mayor of Baltimore, Maryland.
1988 - Barry Sanders, a running back with Oklahoma State University, is
awarded the Heisman Trophy.
1991 - Tap dancing legends Fayard and Harold Nicholas and six others
receive Kennedy Center Honors in Washington, DC.
1998 - Nkem Chukwu, a Nigerian American, delivers Ebuka, the first of
eight children at Texas Children's Hospital in Houston, Texas.
In what doctors consider a medical first, the other seven
siblings will be delivered on December 20. Only seven will
survive.
1999 - A Memphis, Tennessee jury hearing a lawsuit filed by the Rev.
Martin Luther King Jr.'s family, finds that the civil rights
leader had been the victim of a vast murder conspiracy, not a
lone assassin.
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