* Today in Black History - September 18 *
1850 - Congress passes the Fugitive Slave Act, a part of the Compromise
of 1850, which allows slaveowners to reclaim slaves who had
escaped to other states. The act also offers federal officers
a fee for captured slaves.
1895 - Booker T. Washington makes a speech at the Cotton States and
International Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia. Known as the
"Atlanta Compromise" speech, Washington advocates acceptance
of a subordinate role for African Americans, espouses peaceful
coexistence with white Southerners, and calls agitation over
the question of social equality "the extremist folly." The
speech, which reportedly leaves some African American listeners
in tears and will incur the wrath of W.E.B. Du Bois and others,
secures Washington's reputation among whites as a successor
to Frederick Douglass.
1905 - Eddie Anderson is born in Oakland, California. He will become
an actor and will be best known for his role on of 'Rochester'
on "The Jack Benny Show."
1945 - 1000 white students walk out of three Gary, Indiana schools
to protest integration. There were similar disturbances in
Chicago, Illinois and other Northern and Western metropolitan
areas.
1948 - Dr. Ralph J. Bunche is confirmed by the United Nations Security
Council as acting United Nations' mediator in Palestine.
1951 - Dr. Benjamin Solomon Carson, Sr., neurosurgeon, is born in
Detroit, Michigan. He will graduate from from the University
of Michigan Medical School in 1977 and will become the first
African American neurosurgery resident at the Johns Hopkins
Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. He will receive the American
Black Achievement Award from Ebony and the Paul Harris Fellow
Award from Rotary International. He will become best known for
his separation of siamese twins in 1989.
1962 - Rwanda, Burundi, Jamaica & Trinidad are admitted (105th-108th
countries) to the United Nations.
1964 - Holly Robinson (Peete) , actress ("21 Jump Street", "Hanging
with Mr. Cooper"), is born.
1967 - Ricky Bell, rhythm-and-blues singer, (Bell Biv Devoe and New
Edition), is born.
1970 - Rock guitarist Jimi (James Marshall) Hendrix joins the ancestors
at age 27 after aspirating on his own vomit in London. Contrary
to many news accounts, he did not succumb to a drug overdose. No
trace of drugs were found in his body. A self-taught musician
who blended rock, jazz, and blues with British avant-garde rock,
Hendrix redefined the use of the electric guitar. His musical
career deeply influenced modern musicians. His songs, "Purple
Haze" and "Foxy Lady" will become anthems for a generation at
war in Vietnam.
1972 - Art Williams becomes the first African American National League
umpire (Los Angeles vs. San Diego).
1980 - Cosmonaut Arnaldo Tamayo-Mendez, a Cuban, becomes the first
person of African descent sent on a mission in space (Soyuz 38).
1990 - Atlanta, Georgia is selected as the site of the XXV Olympiad
Summer Games. Mayor Maynard H. Jackson says the 1996 Summer
Games will be the "single biggest continuous infusion of
economic development to Atlanta in the history of the city
under any circumstances." It is the second time the city, to
host the games, is led by an African American mayor.
1999 - Sammy Sosa of the Chicago Cubs becomes the first player in major
league baseball history to reach 60 homers twice.
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