* Today in Black History - August 31 *
1935 - Eldridge Cleaver is born in Wabaseka, Arkansas. He will join
the Black Panther Party in 1967, becoming its Minister of
Information and putting together The Black Panther newspaper.
He will be the 1968 Presidential candidate for the Peace and
Freedom Party. He and another Panther member, will be assaulted
by police in 1968 (Cleaver is arrested). He and Kathleen
Cleaver, his wife and a Panther leader in her own right, flee
the country, eventually founding the Panther's international
branch in Algeria before moving to France. Cleaver split from
the Party in 1971, forming his own version of the organization
with several Party chapters switching from Bobby Seale to him.
Cleaver will return to the United States in the late 1970's as
a born-again Christian and a republican. He will spend his later
years as a conservative idealist concerned with the environment,
and will join the ancestors on May 1, 1998 at the age of 62.
1935 - Frank Robinson is born in Beaufort, Texas. He will become a
professional baseball player and will become Most Valuable Player
in the National League in 1961 and Most Valuable Player in the
American League in 1966. Later, he will become the first African
American manager in major league baseball.
1936 - Marva Collins is born in Monroeville, Alabama. She will become
an innovative educator who uses her pension funds to open
Westside Preparatory School in Chicago, dedicating to reverse
the educational decline in the city's African American
neighborhoods. Collins' motto for the school is "entrance to
learn, exit to serve."
1943 - The USS Harmon, a destroyer escort, is launched. It is named
after Mess Attendant 1st Class Leonard H. Harmon, a 1942 Navy
Cross recipient. It is the first United States warship named
for an African American.
1958 - Edwin Corley Moses, track star (hurdler, Olympic-gold-1984),
is born in Dayton, Ohio. He will be referred to as "the
greatest hurdler in the history of track and field" for his
122 consecutive wins in the 400 meter hurdles (spanned eleven
years and 22 countries).
1962 - Joint independence is granted to Trinidad and Tobago by Great
Britain.
1983 - Brigadier General Hazel W. Johnson retires from the Army Nurse
Corps. She is the first African American woman to achieve the
rank of Brigadier General and the first African American to be
chief of the Army Nurse Corps.
1983 - Edwin Moses of the United States sets the 400 meter hurdle
record (47.02) in Koblenz, Germany.
1984 - Pinklin Thomas defeats Tim Witherspoon for the WBC heavyweight
boxing title.
1990 - Nat (Sweetwater) Clifton, former New York Knickerbocker star,
joins the ancestors after succumbing to a heart attack at the
age of 65.
1991 - KQEC-TV of San Francisco begins broadcasting under new owners,
the Minority Television Project. It is the second minority-
owned public television station.
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