* Today in Black History - October 25 *
1915 - Attorney James L. Curtis is named minister to Liberia.
1926 - Crisis magazine, led by editor W.E.B. DuBois, awards its first
prizes in literature and art. Among the winners will be Arna
Bontemps' poem "Nocturne at Bethesda," Countee Cullen's poem
"Thoughts in a Zoo," Aaron Douglas' painting "African Chief"
and a portrait by Hale Woodruff.
1940 - The Committee on the Participation of Negroes in the National
Defense Program met with President Roosevelt.
1940 - The National Newspaper Publishers Association is founded.
1940 - The Spingarn Medal is presented to Dr. Louis T. Wright for his
civil rights leadership and his contributions as a surgeon.
1940 - Benjamin Oliver Davis, Sr. is promoted to Brigadier General,
the first African American to attain that rank in the United
States Army or any other branch of the Armed Forces.
1958 - Ten thousand students, led by Jackie Robinson, Harry Belfonte
and A. Phillip Randolph, participate in the Youth March for
integrated schools in Washington, DC.
1958 - Daisy Bates, head of the Arkansas chapter of the NAACP, and
the nine students who integrated Little Rocks's Central High
School are awarded the Spingarn Medal for their courage and
leadership in the civil rights struggle.
1962 - Uganda is admitted as the 110th member of the United Nations.
1968 - The city of Chicago officially recognizes Jean Baptiste Pointe
de Sable as its first settler.
1973 - Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian marathoner who won the Olympic Gold
Medal in 1960 and 1964, dies at the age of 46.
1976 - Clarence "Willie" Norris, the last surviving member of the
nine Scottsboro Boys, who were convicted in 1931 of the
alleged rape of two white women on a freight train, is pardoned
by Governor George Wallace. Norris had spent 15 years in
prison and had been a fugitive fleeing parole in Alabama in
1946.
1983 - Mary Francis Berry, professor of history and law at Howard
University, and two other members of the Civil Rights
Commission are fired by President Ronald Reagan. Considered a
champion of minority concerns on the Commission, Berry will
charge the administration with attempting to "shut up"
criticism. She will later sue and be reinstated.
1983 - The United States and six other Caribbean nations invade the
island nation of Grenada.
1988 - Two units of the Ku Klux Klan and eleven individuals are ordered
to pay $1 million to African Americans who were attacked during
a brotherhood rally in predominately white Forsythe County,
Georgia.
1990 - Evander Holyfield knocks out James "Buster" Douglas in the third
round of their twelve-round fight to become the undisputed
world heavyweight champion. Holyfield's record stood at 25-0,
with 21 knockouts.
1997 - The Million Woman March, organized by grass root sisters, led by
Sister Phile Chionesu and Sister Asia Coney, takes place in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The event is attended by 1.3
million attendees (300,000 to 1 million according to
Philadelphia officials). The MWM had been promoted by word of
mouth and avoided traditional media and mainstream groups, such
as sororities and many civil rights groups. Sis Chionesu calls
the march "a declaration of independence from ignorance,
poverty, enslavement, and all the things that have happened to
us that has helped to bring about the confusion and disharmony
that we experience with one another."
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