From Vince: In response to a 1990 order from Congress, the Food and Drug Administration asked several medical-device makers to justify their products' safety and effectiveness. The request covers ... several other categories of products [including shock machines]. <http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123920937438601763.html>http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123920937438601763.html Committee on Truth in Psychiatry has long urged these justifications. See Andre's recently published Doctors of Deception. Details: <http://digg.com/u1uVE>http://digg.com/u1uVE (FDA blog) www.peoplewho.org