For what its worth...)

Hope this email does not offend the sensibilities of the serious Republicans
on this list.

INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT


These are the facts


The intelligence of our presidents has never been seriously
scrutinized at any time in our history until now. There is a
widespread perception that President G. W. Bush is not qualified for
the position he holds. That increasing awareness by the people has
led to a study of the intellectual ability of all presidents for the
past fifty years. There have been twelve presidents in that time,
from F. D. Roosevelt to G. W. Bush. All were rated based on scholarly
achievements, writings that they alone wrote, their ability to speak
effectively, and a number of psychological factors.


In a report published Monday, the Lovenstein Institute of Scranton,
Pennsylvania detailed its findings of a four month study of the
intelligence quotient of President George W. Bush. Since 1973, the
Lovenstein Institute has published it's research to the education
community on each new president, which includes the famous "IQ"
report among others. According to statements in the report, there
have been twelve presidents over the past 50 years, from F. D.
Roosevelt to G. W. Bush who were all rated based on scholarly
achievements, writings that they alone produced without aid of staff,
their ability to speak with clarity, and several other psychological
factors which were then scored in the Swanson/Crain system of
intelligence ranking. The study determined the following IQs of each
president as accurate to within five percentage points:


147 Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)


132 Harry Truman (D)


122 Dwight D. Eisenhower (R)


174 John F. Kennedy (D)


126 Lyndon B. Johnson (D)


155 Richard M. Nixon (R)


121 Gerald Ford (R)


175 James E. Carter (D)


105 Ronald Reagan (R)


098 George HW Bush (R)


182 William J. Clinton (D)


091 George W. Bush (R)


The six Republican presidents of the past 50 years had an average IQ
of 115.5, with President Nixon having the highest IQ, at 155.
President G. W. Bush was rated the lowest of all the Republicans with
an IQ of 91. The six Democrat presidents had IQs with an average of
156, with President Clinton having the highest IQ, at 182. President
Lyndon B. Johnson was rated the lowest of all the Democrats with an
IQ of 126. No president other than Carter (D) has released his actual
IQ, 176. Among comments made concerning the specific testing of
President GW Bush, his low ratings were due to his apparent
difficulty to command the English language in public statements, his
limited use of vocabulary (6,500 words for Bush versus an average of
11,000 words for other presidents), his lack of scholarly
achievements other than a basic MBA, and an absence of any body of
work which could be studied on an intellectual basis. The complete
report documents the methods and procedures used to arrive at these
ratings, including depth of sentence structure and voice stress
confidence analysis. "All the Presidents prior to George W. Bush had
a least one book under their belt, and most had written several white
papers during their education or early careers. Not so with President
Bush," Dr. Lovenstein said. "He has no published works or writings,
so in many ways that made it more difficult to arrive at an
assessment. We had to rely more heavily on transcripts of his
unscripted public speaking. "The Lovenstein Institute of Scranton,
Pennsylvania think tank includes high caliber historians,
psychiatrists, sociologists, scientists in human behavior, and
psychologists. Among their ranks are Dr. Werner R. Lovenstein,
world-renowned sociologist, and Professor Patricia F. Dilliams, a
world-respected psychiatrist. This study was commissioned on February
13, 2001 and released on July 9, 2001 to subscribing member
universities and organizations within the education community

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