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Subject:
From:
Martin McCormick <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
For blind ham radio operators <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Wed, 15 Jul 2009 14:14:29 -0500
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Butch Bussen writes:
> I don't know what a nslookup is nor do I know what a traceroute is.  I
> don't have a firewall on this machine, do have spybot and windows
> defender and avast, but I think I've disabled these, but not sure I'm
> really getting them turned off.  I can ping the address 72.46.157.51 and
> get a response on this machine, but don't get an answer from
> blindbargains.com

	That tells quite a bit right there. nslookup which is
short for name server lookup exists on many Windows systems but
it came from the Unix world. What it does is send a query out to
one of your default domain name servers. Those are the systems
that your computer talks to to change a name such as
blindbargains.com or google.com in to 1 or more numerical IP
addresses. There may be many IP addresses that all go to the
same name so if the name server responds with several, your
computer will usually use the first one it gets and ignore all
the rest.

	Anyway, you run nslookup from a command prompt and it
goes like this:

nslookup google.com
nslookup columbia.edu
nslookup blindbargains.com

	The nslookup program will tell you which name server it
used and then the ip address or addresses of the system you just
queried for.

	nslookup also works a little differently than the rest
of your system in that it always goes out and asks a name server
even if you just asked for the same lookup 10 seconds ago.

	The rest of your system also does lookups, but it caches
the answers that come back and uses a value that is sent back to
you that says how many seconds to remember this lookup such as
43200 for twelve hours or 3600 for 1 hour.

	When that time runs out, your computer will go out and
ask again the next time you look for that same name but it won't
bother the DNS until that timer runs out.

	Traceroute is another neat program that can help you
diagnose a problem. It sends out special ping packets that are
supposed to cause all the routers or gateways along the way to
sound off and report their location so you can see where your
packets go to communicate with this or that host. For many
reasons, it doesn't always work the way one would wish but it is
worth a try if you have it.

	In your case, it would be good to have traceroute on one
computer that is working for this page and the one that does not
to see where the difference is. It will probably never get going
on the one that is not resolving that web site and on the other,
it may produce lots of output which will be the names of the
routers or maybe just their IP numbers if they don't have names.

	Sorry for the length, here, but you asked and it is kind
of hard to answer questions of this type in ten words or less.

Martin McCormick

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