* Today in Black History - November 14 *
1900 - In Washington, DC, a small group meets to form the Washington
Society of Colored Dentists. It is the first society of African
American dentists in the United States.
1915 - Booker T. Washington, educator, orator, and founder of Tuskegee
Institute, joins the ancestors on the college's campus at the
age of 59. He was one the most famous African American educators
and leaders of the 19th century, whose message of acquiring
practical skills and emphasizing self-help over political rights
was popular among whites and segments of the African American
community. His 1901 autobiography, "Up From Slavery", which
details his rise to success despite numerous obstacles, became a
best-seller and further enhanced his public image as a self-made
man. As popular as he was in some quarters, Washington was
aggressively opposed by critics such as W.E.B. Du Bois and
William Monroe Trotter.
1920 - The New York Times and Tribune call Charles Gilpin's portrayal
of Brutus Jones in "The Emperor Jones", a performance of heroic
stature. Gilpin had premiered in the play earlier in the month
with the New York-based Provincetown Players, which will
influence his being named one of the ten most important
contributors to the American theater of 1920 and the 1921
recipient of the NAACP's Spingarn Medal.
1934 - Ellis Marsalis is born in New Orleans, Louisiana. After high
school, Marsalis will enroll at Dillard University (New Orleans)
and graduate with a Bachelor of Arts degree in music education.
Marsalis will eventually become New Orleans' leading Jazz
educator. He will become a lecturer at Xavier University and an
adjunct teacher at Loyola University. Marsalis will enroll in
the graduate program at Loyola University and will graduate with
a Masters of Music Education. Marsalis' teaching career will
flower at the New Orleans Center for Creative Arts (NOCCA). Many
of his former students will be professional musicians locally as
well as internationally. Three of his six sons, Branford, Wynton
and Delfeayo as well as trumpeter Terence Blanchard, saxophonist
Donald Harrison and pianist Harry Connick, Jr. will attain
worldwide acclaim with recording contracts on major labels.
1934 - William Levi Dawson's Symphony No. 1, Negro Folk Symphony, is
the first symphony on black folk themes by an African American
composer to be performed by a major orchestra.
1960 - Four African American girls are escorted by U.S. Marshals and
parents to two New Orleans schools being desegregated.
1966 - Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) defeats Cleveland Williams
by TKO in the third round in front of Boxing's largest indoor
crowd, assembled in the Houston Astrodome. He retains his
world heavyweight title.
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