* Today in Black History - June 23 *
1888 - Abolitionist Frederick Douglass became the first African American
nominated for president of the United States.
1893 - Willie Mae Ford is born. She will become a leading gospel singer
and will be known as "the mother of gospel music."
1893 - Willie Sims, the wealthiest jockey of his time, rides winning horses
in five of six races at Sheepshead Bay in Brooklyn, New York. Sims
will repeat the feat two years later in addition to winning two
Kentucky Derbys and two Belmont Stakes.
1919 - The Black Star Line of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement
Association (UNIA) is incorporated.
1926 - Langston Hughes' articles "The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain"
appears in "Nation "magazine. In it, Hughes expresses African
Americans' bold new confidence to create a new art during the Harlem
Renaissance. "We younger Negro artists who create now intend to
express our individual dark skinned selves without fear or shame."
1940 - Wilma Rudolph is born in Clarksville, Tennessee. A polio victim, she
will win three gold medals at the Summer Games in Rome (1960), the
first American woman to achieve this feat in a single Olympiad. She
will be inducted into the Olympic Hall of Fame.
1944 - Rosetta Hightower is born. She will become a singer with the group,
The Orlons. Some of their hits will be "The Wah Watusi," "Don't Hang
Up," and "South Street."
1948 - Clarence Thomas is born in the Pinpoint community, near Savannah,
Georgia. He will become a U.S. Supreme Court Justice in 1991,
replacing Thurgood Marshall as the only African American among the nine
jurists. He is appointed by the conservative republican administration
to satisfy the need to have an African American on the court, while at
the same time have a justice that is very conservative. This will serve
to increase the court's decisions that negatively affect African
Americans and other minorities and weaken affirmative action.
1958 - A federal judge ruled racial segregation in Little Rock, Arkansas, must
end in 30 months.
1969 - Joe Frazier defeats Jerry Quarry for the heavyweight boxing title.
1970 - Charles Rangel defeats Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. in the New York
Democratic primary in Harlem. This will end the political career of one
of the major political symbols of the post-World War II period.
1982 - The House of Representatives approves the extension of the Voting Rights
Act of 1965, despite North Carolina Senator Jesse Helms' attempt to block
the House vote. The Senate had approved the extension of the bill five
days before the historic House vote.
1990 - TV Guide selects Arsenio Hall as Television Personality of the Year.
1994 - After decades as an international outcast, South Africa reclaims its seat
in the United Nations.
1994 - French marines and Foreign Legionnaires head into Rwanda to try to stem
the country's ethnic slaughter.
1997 - Dr. Betty Shabazz, widow of Malcolm X, dies in New York City at the age of
61, 3 weeks after receiving burns over 80% of her body. Her burns were
the result of a fire set by her grandson, Malcolm.
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