* Today in Black History - May 31 *
1870 - The first civil rights Enforcement Act, which protects the voting
and civil rights of African Americans, is passed by Congress. It
provides stiff penalties for public officials and private citizens
who deprive citizens of the suffrage and civil rights. The measure
authorizes the use of the U.S. Army to protect these rights.
1909 - The first NAACP conference is held at the United Charities Building
in New York City with 300 African Americans and whites in attendance.
Ida B. Wells-Barnett, while speaking at the conference, condemns
lynching as a "blight upon our nation, mocking our laws and
disgracing our Christianity."
1917 - One of the first jazz records, "The Darktown Strutter's Ball," is
released. It was written by songwriter and musician, Shelton Brooks.
It will become Brooks' most famous song.
1933 - Shirley Verrett is born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She will become
an operatic mezzo-soprano known worldwide for her compelling
performance in Carmen. She will be a star at the world’s great opera
houses, including the Metropolitan Opera, La Scala, the Royal Opera
House Covent Garden, the Bolshoi Opera, the Paris Opera, the San
Francisco Opera, the Vienna Staatsoper, and the Lyric Opera of
Chicago. She will appear at the Metropolitan opera for more than two
decades. She will be the recipient of many honors and awards, among
them the Marian Anderson Award, Naumburg Award, and the Sullivan
Award; and fellowships from numerous foundations including Ford, John
Hay Whitney, and Martha Baird Rockefeller. She will receive honorary
doctorates from Holy Cross College in Worcester, Massachusetts, and
Northeastern University in Boston. She will join the faculty at the
University of Michigan in 1996, becoming the James Earl Jones
Distinguished University Professor of Music.
1955 - The U.S. Supreme Court passes a second desegregation ruling,
demanding
"all deliberate speed" be used in the desegregation of public schools.
1961 - Judge Irving Kaufman orders the Board of Education of New Rochelle,
New
York to integrate their schools.
1961 - Chuck Berry's amusement park, Berryland, opens near St. Louis,
Missouri.
1979 - Zimbabwe proclaims its independence.
1987 - John Dotson is named publisher of the Boulder, Colorado, "Daily
Camera."
It is one of many distinctions for the noted journalist, including
being the first African American reporter for Newsweek magazine and
founding, in the mid-1970's, the Institute for Journalism Education,
dedicated to training minority journalists.
1989 - Cito Gaston is named manager of the Toronto Blue Jays of baseball's
American League.
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