i found the following guide on accessibility of college lectures on ian
Webb's website. More resources are promised on the site, so check back.
Perhaps Ian can let us know once more information has been added.
kelly
URL: http://www.disinhe.ac.uk/resources/guides/teaching_everyone/lecturing.asp
Lecturing Techniques
The art of lecturing in academic institutions has been developing for
centuries and is the one constant element of university teaching. This
booklet is about how new technology can be used to help teach students
with disabilities, and how lecturing technique affects accessibility
to learning for disabled students.
It is not so long ago that the priest in Catholic mass preached in
Latin with his back to the congregation. When the church reformed this
in 1958 they swept away centuries of tradition but, more importantly,
they made the words and language of the mass more accessible to the
millions who attend every Sunday. During the course of their careers,
lecturers develop a style with which they become comfortable and
confident.
Unfortunately in some areas this very style can cause the flow of
knowledge from lecturer to student to break down when there are
students with certain types of disabilities in the class. Lecturing
technique which takes into consideration the various inherent
individual characteristics which make up a class of students will
benefit everyone in the class, which means that good practice in its
entirety is good practice for each individual.
For some, the passing on of knowledge seems to come almost naturally.
Like most performers, though, good technique is down to hard work,
experience and the acknowledgement of basic rules.
So how does the lecturer ensure a good performance whilst not
excluding those students who may be deaf, blind, partially sighted, or
who may have difficulty with short term memory retention as
experienced by some dyslexic students? Techniques include:
* Identify those students within your class (obviously without
making a big song and dance about it) who may have a degree of
disability and ask them if they feel they're getting the most out
of your lectures.
* Deaf and hard of hearing students may rely on lip reading.
Position yourself where they're most likely to follow your
lecture.
* Always try and speak directly to the class and avoid talking to
the board or screen.
* Repeat contributions and questions from other students.
* Try not to see wearing a radio mic as an unnecessary intrusion
into your private space.
* Reading people's lips is very difficult and a thick beard or
moustache can make it almost impossible.
* Accurate note taking can be impossible for dyslexic and blind
students or those who find writing physically impossible. Allowing
them to tape your lectures will help, but the recorder needs to be
close to the lecturer.
* If possible make your lecture notes etc. available on floppy disk
or on the World Wide Web (see section on Enabling Technologies).
* Make it clear that you are willing to adapt your style to
accommodate individual needs.
Visual Aids
Teaching can be greatly enhanced with the use of visual aids but it is
important that these are presented in a way that can truly be
beneficial to all students.
* Visual aids must be clear and concise. All students will benefit
from this but, more importantly, this will improve the chances of
some partially sighted and dyslexic students being able to read
them.
* Be aware of colour schemes. Red on green will cause difficulties
for many people but there are other inappropriate colour
combinations. Ask your students to comment on the legibility of
your slides and projections.
* Make copies of visual aids available to students with disabilities
in electronic form if this is requested. Number your overhead
slides/papers and say which number you are talking about. Give
students a cue when a new image is presented to orientate visually
impaired students and alert those with dyslexia and literacy
difficulties.
Handouts
The ability to digest and retain information varies from person to
person but most of us are blessed neither with photographic memories
nor the ability to assimilate and commit to memory immediately.
Students with disabilities can find handouts especially useful.
* Students who have a disability which makes writing difficult and
those with dyslexia find printed handouts particularly helpful.
* Visually impaired students may need large print, Braille or floppy
disk versions of any hand outs, depending on the extent of their
vision.
* For blind students, pictures and diagrams should be kept to a
minimum or text alternatives provided.
* Hearing impaired students, who are concentrating on lip reading,
also find handouts particularly useful.
* Many computer based learning packages rely heavily on pictures and
graphics which can make them inaccessible to students with
disabilities. Check that any packages you recommend are compatible
with the access technology used by your students (see section on
Enabling Technologies).
Examinations
Examinations present students with disabilities with similar types of
problems that exist in lectures. To ensure that everyone is on as
level a playing field as possible, certain considerations should be
taken into account.
* It is very important that students with disabilities are judged
against the same academic standards as their peers. Take full
account of the effects of their disabilities on their performance
but take care not to over compensate.
* Some students will need to have their examination papers converted
into a different format. For example, floppy disk or Braille.
Examination papers will have to be prepared well in advance so
that there is enough time to make that conversion.
* Allow students to submit assignments by E-mail. Using conferencing
tools can offer equal access and allow students with disabilities
to participate in discussions.
* Special arrangements are necessary for some students, such as;
extra time, a separate venue, a computer with a voice recognition
device and/or speech output, a scribe or a reader.
* Some students have a legitimate need for extra time for
examinations and in certain cases may have to sit their exams in
stages over several days.
* For visually impaired students give consideration to how the
questions are laid out on the page. Some find it difficult to
locate the beginning and end of the question so it may be helpful
to set one question per page or to put questions in clearly
defined boxes.
VICUG-L is the Visually Impaired Computer User Group List.
To join or leave the list, send a message to
[log in to unmask] In the body of the message, simply type
"subscribe vicug-l" or "unsubscribe vicug-l" without the quotations.
VICUG-L is archived on the World Wide Web at
http://maelstrom.stjohns.edu/archives/vicug-l.html
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