At 01:13 AM 9/1/98 -0700, you wrote:
>And Earl says:
>>This sounds quite slow.  A typical "average" transfer rate is about
>>one-tenth of the modem's rating.  That is, a 33.6Kbps (thousand bits
>
>"about one-tenth of the modem's rating" is true; but, correct me if I'm
>wrong, exactly one-eighth.
>
No, you cannot get exactly one-eighth of the rating because a byte of data
transferred over a phone line has more information included with it than
just the eight data bits.  In fact, each byte of data transferred over a
modem is at least ten bits long.  There is a "start bit" which is used to
signal the beginning of the data byte followed by seven or eight data bits
then a parity bit if only seven bits of data were transferred and followed
up by one or two "stop bits" used to signal the end of the "byte".  The 8N1
protocol most commonly used with modems indicates that each byte has eight
data bits, no parity bit and one stop bit.  This does not include the start
bit which is always present.  Another common protocol used by some systems
is 7E1 that indicates that each byte has seven data bits, one parity bit
and one stop bit and the always-present start bit.

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