* Today in Black History - November 13 *
1839 - The first anti-slavery political party (Liberty Party) is
organized and convenes in Warsaw, New York. Samuel
Ringgold Ward and Henry Highland Garnet are two of the
earliest supporters of the new political party.
1905 - Frank Levingston is born in Cotton Valley, Louisiana. He will
become an American supercentenarian. He will be the oldest
living man in the United States and the oldest verified
surviving American World War II veteran. He will enlist in the
U.S. Army in 1942. He will serve as a private during the war
in the Allied invasion of Italy which will last from September,
1943 to January, 1944. After receiving an honorable discharge
in 1945, he will become a union worker specializing in cement
finishing. On August 16, 2015, he will become the oldest
recognized living military veteran in United States, following
the death of Emma Didlake. He will become the oldest living
American man on April 19, 2016 following the death of Felix
Simoneaux (born May 24, 1905). He will live in Bossier Parish,
Lake Charles, Louisiana until he joins the ancestors on May 3,
2016 at the age of 110.
1910 - Painter and printmaker, Wilmer Angier Jennings, is born in
Atlanta, Georgia. A graduate of Morehouse College and
student of Hale Woodruff, Jennings will be employed by the
Public Works for Art Project and Works Progress
Administration in the 1930's, where he will paint murals
and landscape paintings, and produce prints. He will work
for the WPA in both Atlanta and Providence in the mid-1930s,
and will be most famous for his black-and-white wood
engravings. Still Life uses the traditional format of objects
assembled on a table top as a vehicle for exploration of form
and ideas. The elongated, cylindrical forms of the urn, the
African statue, and the plant contrast with the square
modularity of the tablecloth, book, and background motif. His
incorporation of African sculpture into a still life
composition with non-African objects will recall the use of
this device by Harlem Renaissance artists who will use African
motifs to assert a sense of pride in an African heritage while
maintaining an identity as Americans. He will join the
ancestors in 1990.
1913 - Dr Daniel Hale Williams, the first physician to perform
open heart surgery, becomes a member of the American
College of Surgeons.
1940 - The United States Supreme Court rules in Hansberry vs. Lee
that whites cannot bar African Americans from white
neighborhoods. The Supreme Court's ruling in the case
brought by wealthy real-estate broker Carl Hansberry of
Chicago, allows the Hansberry family, including 10-year-
old daughter Lorraine, to move into a white neighborhood.
1949 - Caryn Johnson is born in New York City. She will grow up
in the ghettos of New York, overcome drug addiction and
poverty, and become known as Whoopi Goldberg, multi-
talented comedian and actress and Academy Award winner
for her supporting role performance in "Ghost" in 1991.
1951 - Janet Collins, becomes the first African American ballerina
to appear with the Metropolitan Opera Company.
1956 - The Supreme Court upholds a lower court decision banning
segregation on city buses in Montgomery, Alabama. The
Court establishes grounds for challenging bus segregation
in nine states that have violated the 15th Amendment.
1956 - Dancer Geoffrey Holder begins a contract with the Metropolitan
Opera. Holder will dance in 26 performances, including "Aida"
and "La Perichole", and his career will include dance, acting,
and art collecting.
1967 - Carl Stokes becomes the first African American mayor of a
major U.S. city when he is inaugurated mayor of Cleveland,
Ohio.
1973 - Reggie Jackson, of the Oakland Athletics, unanimously wins
the American League MVP award.
1985 - Dwight Gooden, the youngest 20 game winner in Major League
baseball history, wins the Cy Young award.
1992 - Riddick Bowe wins the undisputed heavyweight boxing title
in Las Vegas with a unanimous decision over Evander
Holyfield.
1996 - A grand jury in St. Petersburg, Florida, declines to indict
police officer Jim Knight, who had shot African American
motorist TyRon Lewis to death the previous month. The
decision prompts angry mobs to return to the streets.
1996 - An all-white jury in Pittsburgh acquits a suburban police
officer, John Vojtas, in the death of African American
motorist Johnny Gammage in a verdict that angers African
American activists.
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