* Today in Black History - August 23 *
1826 - Edward A. Jones receives his B.A. degree from Amherst
College. John Brown Russwurm is considered to be the
first African American in America to graduate from
college. Two years after entering Bowdoin College, he
receives his baccalaureate degree on September 6, 1826.
Edward A. Jones, the lesser known of the two, graduates
just two weeks prior on this date in 1826 from Amherst
College. Both men will receive their Masters Degrees,
John in 1829 and Edward in 1830.
1833 - Great Britain frees 700,000 slaves in its colonies.
1892 - O.E. Brown, inventor, receives a patent for a horseshoe.
1900 - The National Negro Business League is formed in Boston,
Massachusetts. Sponsored by Booker T. Washington, the
organization is established to stimulate the development
of African American businesses.
1908 - Fifty-two nurses, led by Martha M. Franklin, form the
National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses.
1917 - A riot occurs in Houston, Texas, when the 24th Infantry
seeks revenge on the city's white police after the brutal
beating of two of the regiment's soldiers. After two
hours of violence, 15 whites, including four policemen,
will be killed and 12 more are injured. Four soldiers
will die as a result of the violence. One hundred and
eighteen soldiers will be charged in connection with the
riots and 19 executed, most in almost total secrecy, in
one of the most infamous court-martials ever involving
African Americans.
1978 - Kobe Bean Bryant is born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He
will become a professional basketball player. As a shooting
guard, he will enter the National Basketball Association
(NBA) directly from high school, and will play his entire
20-season professional career in the league with the Los
Angeles Lakers. he will win many accolades: five NBA
championships, 18-time All-Star, 15-time member of the All-
NBA Team, 12-time member of the All-Defensive Team, 2008 NBA
Most Valuable Player (MVP), two-time NBA Finals MVP winner.
Widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time,
he will lead the NBA in scoring during two seasons, rank
fourth on the league's all-time regular season scoring and
all-time postseason scoring lists. Upon graduation from high
school, he will declare for the 1996 NBA draft and will be
selected by the Charlotte Hornets with the 13th overall pick;
the Hornets then will trade him to the Lakers. As a rookie,
Bryant will earn himself a reputation as a high-flyer and a
fan favorite by winning the 1997 Slam Dunk Contest, and he will
be named an All-Star by his second season. Despite a feud with
teammate Shaquille O'Neal, the pair will lead the Lakers to
three consecutive NBA championships from 2000 to 2002. After the
Lakers lost the 2004 NBA Finals, O'Neal will be traded and Bryant
will become the cornerstone of the Lakers. He will lead the NBA
in scoring during the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons. In 2006, he
will scored a career-high 81 points; the second most points scored
in a single game in league history, behind Wilt Chamberlain's 100-
point game in 1962. He will lead the team to two consecutive
championships in 2009 and 2010, and will be named NBA Finals MVP
on both occasions. He will continue to be among the top players in
the league through 2013, when he will suffer a torn Achilles
tendon at age 34. Although he recovers from that injury, he will
suffer season-ending injuries to his knee and shoulder, respectively,
in the following two seasons. Citing his physical decline, he will
retire after the 2015–16 season. At 34 years and 104 days of age,
he will become the youngest player in league history to reach 30,000
career points. He will become the all-time leading scorer in Lakers
franchise history on February 1, 2010, surpassing Jerry West. He
will also be the first guard in NBA history to play at least 20
seasons. His 18 All-Star designations will be the second most all
time, while it is the record for most consecutive appearances as a
starter. His four All-Star MVP Awards will be tied with Bob Pettit
for the most in NBA history. He will give himself the nickname "Black
Mamba" in the mid-2000s, and the epithet became widely adopted by the
general public. At the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics, he will win two
gold medals as a member of the U.S. national team. In 2018, he will
win the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film for his 2017 film
"Dear Basketball." He will join the ancestors on January 26, 2020,
along with his 13-year-old daughter Gianna and seven others, in a
helicopter crash in Calabasas, California.
1989 - An African American teenager named Yusef Hawkins is chased
and beaten to death by a mob of 30 white youths from the
neighborhood of Bensonhurst in Brooklyn, New York. The
only provocation is that he is African American in an
all-white neighborhood.
2003 - Bobby Bonds joins the ancestors at the age of 57 after
succumbing to lung cancer. He was a former San Francisco
Giant player.
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