* Today in Black History - July 22 *
1848 - Lester Walton is appointed minister to Liberia.
1861 - Abraham Lincoln reads the first draft of the Emancipation
Proclamation to his cabinet.
1933 - Caterina Jarboro becomes the first African American prima
donna of an United States opera company. She will
perform "Aida" with the Chicago Opera Company at the
Hippodrome in New York City. The New York Times music
editor will report: "The young soprano brought a vivid
dramatic sense that kept her impersonation vital without
overacting, and an Italian diction remarkably pure and
distinct." Her fame, however, will be short-lived. Once
the American opera establishment realizes that she is not
Italian but African American, her career will come to an
end. The newly founded New York Metropolitan Opera
Association will refuse to accept her as a member.
Nonetheless, her contribution to opera will be powerful
and far-reaching.
1937 - Chuck Jackson is born in Latta, South Carolina. He will
be raised in Pittsburgh and will become a Rhythm & Blues
singer. He will be discovered when he opens for soul
legend Jackie Wilson at the Apollo Theater. He will sign a
recording contract with Scepter. His first single,"I Don't
Want to Cry", which he co-wrote, will be his first hit
(1961). The song will chart on both Rhythm & Blues and pop
charts. In 1962, His recording of "Any Day Now", the Burt
Bacharach-Bob Hilliard classic, will become a huge hit. In
1967, he will move from Scepter to Motown Records, where
he will record a number of successful singles, including
"Are You Lonely for Me" and "Honey Come Back."
1939 - Jane Matilda Bolin is appointed to the New York City Court
of Domestic Relations by Mayor Fiorello Laguardia, becoming
the first African American woman judge.
1941 - George Clinton is born in Kannapolis, North Carolina. He
will grow up in Plainfield, New Jersey. In Plainfield, he
will run a barber salon, where he straightens hair, and will
soon formed a doo wop group, inspired by Frankie Lymon & the
Teenagers, called The Parliaments. The Parliaments will
eventually find success under the names Parliament and
Funkadelic in the seventies. Parliament Funkadelic will
record "Testify", "Mothership Connection", "First Thangs",
"Up For The Down Stroke", "Chocolate City", "The Clones of
Dr. Funkenstein," "Atomic Dog," and many others. The
popularity of Clinton and his group will last over thirty
years. He will be widely considered one of the forefathers of
funk. Usually recording under the name George Clinton & the
P.Funk All-Stars, he will record several solo albums. In 1982,
he will sign to Capitol Records as a solo artist and as the
P.Funk All-Stars, releasing Computer Games that same year.
"Loopzilla" hit the Top 20 R&B charts, followed by "Atomic
Dog," which reached #1 R&B, but peaked at #101 on the pop
chart. In the next four years, he will release three more
studio albums (You Shouldn't-Nuf Bit Fish, Some of My Best
Jokes Are Friends and R&B Skeletons in the Closet) as well as
a live album, Mothership Connection (Live from the Summit,
Houston, Texas) and charting three singles in the R&B Top 30,
"Nubian Nut," "Last Dance," and "Do Fries Go with that Shake."
His popularity will wane in the mid 1980s, but revive by the
rise of rap music (particularly, in the 1990s, G Funk), as
many rappers cited him as an influence and began sampling
his songs. Alongside James Brown, George Clinton will be
considered to be one of the most sampled musicians ever.
In 1989, he will release The Cinderella Theory on Paisley Park,
Prince's record label. This will be followed by Hey Man, Smell
My Finger. He will then sign with Sony 550 and release
T.A.P.O.A.F.O.M. (The Awesome Power Of A Fully Operational
Mothership) in 1996, having reunited with several old members
of Parliament and Funkadelic. He will be known for his
flamboyant style. In the 1990s, he will appear in films such as
Graffiti Bridge (1990), Good Burger (1997) and PCU (1994). He
will also appear as the voice of The Funktipus, the DJ of the
Bounce FM station in the 2004 video game, Grand Theft Auto: San
Andreas. Rapper Dr. Dre will sample most of his beats to create
his G-Funk music era.
1947 - Daniel Lebern "Danny" Glover is born in San Francisco,
California. He will become an actor and will star in the
"Lethal Weapon" movies, "Operation Dumbo Drop", "Silverado",
"Escape from Alcatraz", "Chiefs", "The Color Purple", "Angels
in the Outfield", and "Places in the Heart". He will serve as
board chair of the TransAfrica Forum, "a non-profit organization
dedicated to educating the general public - particularly African
Americans - on the economic, political and moral ramifications of
U.S. foreign policy as it affects Africa and the Diaspora in the
Caribbean and Latin America." In March 1998, he will be appointed
ambassador to the United Nations Development Program. He will
also serve on the Advisory Council for TeleSUR, "Television of
the South", a pan-Latin American television network based in
Caracas, Venezuela. It will begin broadcasting on July 24, 2005.
He is probably best known for his role as Los Angeles police Sgt.
Roger Murtaugh in the Lethal Weapon movie series, and his role as
the abusive husband to Whoopi Goldberg's character Celie in The
Color Purple. Among many awards, he will win five NAACP Image
Awards, for his achievements as a Black actor. He will join the
ranks of actors, such as Humphrey Bogart, Elliott Gould, and
Robert Mitchum, who will portray Raymond Chandler's private eye
detective Philip Marlowe in the episode 'Red Wind' of the
Showtime network's 1995 series Fallen Angels. He will make his
directorial debut with the Showtime channel short film Override
in 1994.
1961 - Milton A. Francis, the first African American specialist in
genitourinary diseases, joins the ancestors.
1963 - World Heavyweight Champion, Sonny Liston, hangs on to his
boxing title, by knocking out challenger, Floyd Patterson, in
the first round of a bout in Las Vegas, Nevada.
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