*                   Today in Black History - June 23                    *

1888 - Abolitionist Frederick Douglass receives one vote from the Kentucky
        delegation at the Republican convention in Chicago, effectively
        making him the first African American candidate nominated for U.S.
        president.

1893 - Willie Sims, the wealthiest jockey of his time, rides winning
        horses in five of six races at Sheepshead Bay in Brooklyn, New
        York.  Sims will repeat the feat two years later in addition to
        winning two Kentucky Derbys and two Belmont Stakes.

1904 -  Willie Mae Ford (later Smith) is born in Rolling Fork, Mississippi.

        She will become a leading gospel singer and will be known as "the
        mother of gospel music." She will join the ancestors in 1994.

1919 - The Black Star Line of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement
        Association (UNIA) is incorporated.

1926 - Langston Hughes' articles "The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain"
        appears in "Nation "magazine.   In it, Hughes expresses African
        Americans' bold new confidence to create a new art during the
        Harlem Renaissance.  "We younger Negro artists who create now
        intend to express our individual dark skinned selves without fear
        or shame."

1940 - Wilma Rudolph is born in Clarksville, Tennessee.   A polio victim
        as a child, she will overcome her illness and win three gold
        medals at the Summer Games in Rome (1960), the first American
        woman to achieve this feat in a single Olympiad.  She will be
        inducted into the Olympic Hall of Fame. She will join the
        ancestors in November, 1994.

1944 - Rosetta Hightower is born.  She will become a singer with the
        group, The Orlons.  Some of their hits will be "The Wah Watusi,"
        "Don't Hang Up," and "South Street."

1948 - Clarence Thomas is born in the Pinpoint community, near Savannah,
        Georgia.  He will become a U.S. Supreme Court Justice in 1991,
        replacing Thurgood Marshall as the only African American among
        the nine jurists.  He is appointed by the conservative
        Republican administration to satisfy the need to have an African
        American on the court, while at the same time have a justice that
        is very conservative.  This will serve to increase the court's
        decisions that negatively affect African Americans and other
        minorities and weaken affirmative action.

1958 - A federal judge ruled racial segregation in Little Rock, Arkansas,
        must end in 30 months.

1969 - Joe Frazier defeats Jerry Quarry for the heavyweight boxing title.

1970 - Charles Rangel defeats Adam Clayton Powell, Jr.  in the New York
        Democratic primary in Harlem.   This will end the political
        career of one of the major political symbols of the post-World
        War II period.

1982 - The House of Representatives approves the extension of the Voting
        Rights Act of 1965, despite North Carolina Senator Jesse Helms'
        attempt to block the House vote.  The Senate had approved the
        extension of the bill five days before the historic House vote.

1990 - TV Guide selects Arsenio Hall as Television Personality of the
        Year.

1994 - After decades as an international outcast, South Africa reclaims
        its seat in the United Nations.

1994 - French marines and Foreign Legionnaires head into Rwanda to try
        to stem the country's ethnic slaughter.

1997 - Dr. Betty Shabazz, widow of Malcolm X, joins the ancestors in
        New York City at the age of 61, 3 weeks after receiving burns
        over 80% of her body.  Her burns were the result of a fire set
        by her grandson, Malcolm.

2003 - Maynard Jackson Jr., who was elected the first African American
        mayor of Atlanta in 1973 and transformed urban politics in
        America by forcing the city's white business elite to open doors
        to minorities, joins the ancestors at the age of 65. Thirty years
        ago, Jackson survived a racially charged primary to become the
        first African American mayor of a major Southern city. The
        victory, the same year that African American mayors were elected
        in Detroit and Los Angeles, helped solidify the political power
        of urban African Americans.

2003 - Max Manning, star pitcher in the Negro Leagues, joins the ancestors
        at the age of 84 after a long illness.  His 1937 tryout offer
        from the Detroit Tigers was rescinded when they learned that he
        was African American.

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