* Today in Black History - November 5 *
1828 - Theodore Sedgwick Wright becomes the first African
American person to get a Theology Degree in the United
States, when he graduates from Princeton Theological
Seminary.
1867 - First Reconstruction constitutional convention opens in
Montgomery, Alabama. It has eighteen African Americans
and ninety whites in attendance.
1901 - Etta Moten (later Barnett) is born in Weimar, Texas.
She will become an actress starring in "Porgy and Bess"
and have a successful career on Broadway. On January 31,
1933, she will become the first black star to perform at
the White House. She will perform in two musical films
released in 1933: "Flying Down to Rio" (singing "The
Carioca") and a more substantial role as a war widow in
the Busby Berkeley musical "Gold Diggers of 1933" (singing
"My Forgotten Man" with Joan Blondell). Also in 1933 she
will stand in for Ginger Rogers by dubbing her singing in
"Professional Sweetheart." George Gershwin will discuss her
singing the part of "Bess" in his new work "Porgy and Bess,"
which he had written with her in mind. She will be concerned
about trying a role above her natural range of contralto. In
the 1942 revival, she will accept the role of "Bess", but
she would not sing the word "nigger", which Ira Gershwin will
subsequently write out of the libretto. Through her
performances on Broadway and with the national touring
company until 1945, she will capture Bess as her signature
role. She will stop performing in 1952, due to vocal problems.
After her husband, Claude Barnett, joins the ancestors in
1967, she will live in Chicago, where she will become active
in the National Council of Negro Women, the Chicago Lyric
Opera and the Field Museum. She will also be active in the
DuSable Museum, and the South Side Community Art Center. In
addition to activities with civic organizations, she will
serve as a board member of both The Links, a service
organization for African American women, and her sorority,
Alpha Kappa Alpha. She will also be active in International
Women's Year activities and events in the 1980s. In her later
years, she will be active as an Advisory Board Member of The
Black Academy of Arts and Letters. She will join the ancestors
on January 2, 2004.
1917 - The Supreme Court (Buchanan vs Warley) rules that a Louisville,
Kentucky, ordinance mandating blacks and whites live in
separate areas is unconstitutional.
1926 - Negro History Week is initiated by Carter G. Woodson.
1931 - Izear Luster "Ike" Turner, Jr. is born in Clarksdale, Mississippi.
He will become a musician, bandleader, songwriter, arranger,
talent scout, and record producer. An early pioneer of fifties
rock and roll, he will be most popularly known for his work in
the 1960s and 1970s with his then-wife Tina Turner in the Ike &
Tina Turner Revue. He will record for many of the key Rhythm &
Blues record labels of the 1950s and 1960s, including Chess,
Modern, Trumpet, Flair and Sue. With the Ike & Tina Turner Revue,
he wll graduate to larger labels Blue Thumb and United Artists.
Throughout his career, he will win two Grammy Awards and be
nominated for three others. With his former wife, he will be
inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991 and in 2001
will be inducted into the St. Louis Walk of Fame. He will join the
ancestors on December 12, 2007, at the age of 76, at his home in
San Marcos, California, near San Diego.
1935 - The Maryland Court of Appeals orders the University of Maryland to
admit African American student, Donald Murray.
1948 - Charles Edward Bradley is born in Gainesville, Florida. He will
become a soul singer, and sign to the Daptone Records label under
the Dunham Records division. His performances and recording style
were consistent with Daptone's revivalist approach, celebrating
the feel of funk and soul music from the 1960s and 1970s. One
review will say he "echoes the evocative delivery of Otis Redding".
He will work as a cook in Maine for ten years and then travel the
country and Canada, working odd jobs and playing small shows for
20 years. He will be finally discovered by the co-founder of
Daptone Records in 1996. His debut album, "No Time for Dreaming"
will showcase ten of his Daptone recordings in 2011. In the spring
of 2012, "Soul of America," a documentary directed by Poull Brien,
will debut at the SXSW Film Festival in Austin, Texas. Poull Brien
will first meet Bradley when he directs the music video for "The
World (Is Going Up In Flames)." This feature film will tell Bradley's
story from his childhood in Florida, to the days of homelessness and
heartache, then later his gigs as Black Velvet, and finally end with
him touring and recording at Daptone Records. The film will include
his performance at festivals around the world. In 2014, he will take
part in the Hamilton, Ontario Supercrawl event. His second album,
"Victim of Love" will be released on April 2, 2013. His final album,
"Changes" will be released on April 1, 2016 and will feature a cover
of the Black Sabbath song, "Changes." In August 2016 he will become
ill and cancel a Canadian tour and his appearance at the Cambridge
Folk Festival July 30 (UK), where the band Darlingside will fill in
for him. He will join the ancestors on September 23, 2017 after
succumbing to stomach cancer.
1956 - Art Tatum, joins the ancestors at age 46 in Los Angeles, California.
Despite impaired vision, he received formal training in music and
developed a unique improvisational style. He was an accomplished jazz
pianist who impressed even classicist Vladimir Horowitz. Perhaps the
most gifted technician of all jazzmen, Tatum had other assets as well,
among them an harmonic sense so acute as to make him an almost
infallible improviser. This aspect of his style, as well as his great
rhythmic freedom, influenced the young players who became the founders
of a new style called bebop.
1956 - The Nat King Cole Show premiers. The 15-minute show starring the popular
singer will run until June 1957 and reappear in July in a half-hour
format. The first network variety series hosted by an African American
star, it was canceled due to lack of support by advertisers.
1965 - Angelo Carmen Christopher Moore is born in Los Angeles, California. He
will become a musician, best known for his work as lead singer and
saxophonist for the Los Angeles ska and funk metal band Fishbone. He will
also perform and record under the stage name Dr. Madd Vibe. In addition
to his regular duties with Fishbone, in 1993 he will release a poetry
anthology titled "Dr. Madd Vibe's Comprehensive Linkology." In 1997, he
will release his first solo CD, also titled "Dr. Madd Vibe's Comprehensive
Linkology," as well as his first video titled "The Delusional Quandaries
Of Dr. Madd Vibe." In 2000, he will release another CD/video set titled
"The Yin-Yang Thang," and in 2006, he will release the CD "Dr. Madd Vibe's
Medicine Cabinet." He will also make a cameo appearance as the bandleader
in the movie "Idlewild," featuring Outkast members Big Boi and Andre 3000.
On June 26, 2012, Angelo Moore and the Rondo Brothers will release the
single "Brand New Step" under Ninth Street Opus record label.
1968 - Eight African American males and the first African American female, Shirley
Chisholm, are elected to the U.S. Congress. Including previously elected
Massachusetts senator Edward Brooke, it is the largest number of African
American representatives to serve in Congress since the 44th Congress of
1875-1877.
1970 - The National Guard is mobilized in Henderson, North Carolina, as a result
of racially motivated civil disturbances.
1974 - George Brown of Colorado and Mervyn Dymally of California are the first
African American lieutenant governors elected in the 20th century, while
Walter Washington becomes the first African American to be elected mayor
of the District of Columbia, and Harold Ford is elected to Congress from
Tennessee, the first African American from the state.
1974 - The Spingarn Medal is awarded to Damon J. Keith "in tribute to his steadfast
defense of constitutional principles as revealed in a series of memorable
decisions he handed down as a United States District Court judge."
1984 - Eliud Kipchoge EGH is born in Kapsisiywa, Nandi District of Kenya. He will
become a long-distance runner who competes in the marathon and formerly the
5000 metres. He will be the world record holder in the marathon with a time
of 2:01:39, set on September 16, 2018, at the 2018 Berlin Marathon. His run
will break the previous world record by 1 minute and 18 seconds. Described
as "the greatest marathoner of the modern era", he will win 12 of the 13
marathons he enters. He will win his first individual world championship
title in 2003 by winning the junior race at the IAAF World Cross Country
Championships and setting a world junior record over 5000 m on the track. At
the age of eighteen, he will become the senior 5000 m world champion at the
2003 World Championships in Athletics with a championships record, then
follow with an Olympic bronze for Kenya in 2004 and a bronze at the 2006
IAAF World Indoor Championships. A five-time World Championship 5000 m
finalist, he will take silver medals at the 2007 World Championships, 2008
Summer Olympics and 2010 Commonwealth Games. He will switch to road running
in 2012 and make the second-fastest ever half marathon debut with 59:25
minutes. On his marathon debut, he will win the 2013 Hamburg Marathon in a
course record time. His first victory at a World Marathon Major will come
at the Chicago Marathon in 2014, and he will go on to become series champion
for 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019. He will win the London Marathon a record 4
times, and win the Olympic marathon in 2016. His only loss in a marathon
will be as a second place behind Wilson Kipsang Kiprotich at the 2013 Berlin
Marathon, where Kipsang will break the world record. On October 12, 2019,
he will run the marathon distance at a special event in Vienna, Austria,
achieving a time of 1:59:40. The run will not count as a new marathon record,
as standard competition rules for pacing and fluids are not followed and it
was not an open event.
1989 - The first memorial to the civil rights movement in the United States is
dedicated at a ceremony in Montgomery, Alabama. The memorial was
commissioned by the Southern Poverty Law Center, a legal and educational
organization located in Montgomery.
1994 - George Foreman, 45, becomes boxing's oldest heavyweight champion by knocking
out Michael Moorer in the 10th round of their WBA fight in Las Vegas, Nevada.
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