*		Today in Black History - August 14         *

1862 - President Lincoln receives the first group of African 
	Americans to confer with a U.S. president on a matter of
	public policy. He urges African Americans to emigrate to
	Africa or Central America and is bitterly criticized by
	northern African Americans.

1876 - Prairie View State University is founded.

1883 - Ernest Everett Just is born in Charleston, South Carolina.
	After graduating magna cum laude from Dartmouth College 
	in 1907, he will become a teacher at Howard University.
	He will spend summers working as a research assistant at
	the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, 
	Massachusetts. He will receive his Ph.D. from the 
	University of Chicago in 1916. He will become a noted 
	marine biologist and the head of the physiology 
	department at Howard. He will be awarded the NAACP's 
	first Spingarn Medal (1915) for his research in biology.
	In his early days at Howard University, he will be one 
	of the founders of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity and faculty 
	advisor.  He will join the ancestors in October, 1941.

1908 - A race riot occurs in Springfield Illinois and will last 
	for five days.  Army troops are called out.  This riot 
	will stir the conscience of American civil rights leaders
	and will lead to the founding of the NAACP.

1911 - Ethel L. Payne is born in Chicago, Illinois. She will become
	a journalist. She will be known as the "First Lady of the 
	Black Press", a columnist, lecturer, and free-lance writer. 
	She will combine advocacy with journalism as she reports on
	the civil rights movement during the 1950s and 1960s. She 
	become the first female African American commentator 
	employed by a national network when CBS hires her in 1972.
	She will begin her journalism career rather unexpectedly 
	while working as a hostess at an Army Special Services club 
	in Japan, a position she takes in 1948. She will allow a 
	visiting reporter from the Chicago Defender to read her 
	journal, which details her own experiences as well as those 
	of African American soldiers. Impressed, the reporter will
	take the journal back to Chicago and soon her observations 
	were being used by the Defender, an African American newspaper 
	with a national readership, as the basis for front-page 
	stories. In the early 1950s, she will move back to Chicago to 
	work full-time for the Defender. After working there for two 
	years, she will take over the paper's one-person bureau in 
	Washington, D.C. During her career, she will cover several key 
	events in the civil rights movement, including the Montgomery 
	Bus Boycott and desegregation at the University of Alabama in 
	1956, as well as the 1963 March on Washington. She will earn
	a reputation as an aggressive journalist who asks tough 
	questions. She will once ask President Dwight D. Eisenhower 
	when will he plan to ban segregation in interstate travel. The 
	President's angry response that he refuses to support special 
	interests will make headlines and help push civil rights issues 
	to the forefront of national debate. In 1966, she will travel
	to Vietnam to cover African American troops, involved in much 
	of the fighting. She will later accompany Secretary of State 
	Henry Kissinger on a six-nation tour of Africa. She will join
	the ancestors on May 28, 1991, at the age 79, succumbing to a
	heart attack.

1929 - Richard "Dick Tiger" Ihetu is born in Nkwerre Orlu, Imo 
	State, Nigeria. He will become a professional boxer and a
	world champion middleweight from 1962-63 and 1964.  He 
	will be the world lightweight champion from 1965 to 1968.
	He will join the ancestors on December 14, 1971 after 
	succumbing to liver cancer. He will be inducted into to 
	the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1991. 

1938 - Niara Sudarkasa is born in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. She 
	will be an anthropologist and groundbreaking educator, 
	becoming the first African American professor to receive
	tenure at the University of Michigan, and the first woman
	president of Lincoln University, a traditionally male 
	African American college. 

1946 - Larry Graham, Jr. is born in Beaumont, Texas. He will become a 
	musician (bassist) and singer. He will perform with Sly and 
	the Family Stone and Graham Central Station. He will leave 
	Graham Central Station, start a solo career, and will be 
	known for his songs, "One in a Million" and "I Never Forgot 
	Your Eyes."

1946 - Antonio Juan Fargas is born in the Bronx in New York City.  He
	will become an actor and will be best known for his role 
	as "Huggy Bear" in the TV series, "Starsky & Hutch."

1956 - Jackee Harry is born in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.  
	She will become an actress and will star as "Sandra" in
	the television series "227" and the adoptive mother of 
	one of a pair of twins in the television series "Sister,
	Sister."

1959 - Earvin Johnson is born in Lansing, Michigan.  Better known
	as "Magic," he will lead Michigan State University to the
	NCAA championship in 1979. After two years of college, he
	will enter the NBA and be picked first in the draft by the
	Los Angeles Lakers. He will become one of the best point 
	guards in NBA history. After retiring from basketball, he
	will concentrate on his business ventures and will have 
	success	developing stadium-style movie theaters in inner
	city underserved areas.

1968 - Halle Maria Berry is born in Cleveland, Ohio.  She will 
	become Miss World USA in 1986 and will have a successful 
	acting career, starring in the mini-series "Queen" and the 
	movie "Boomerang." In 2002, she will win the Best Actress 
	Oscar for her role in "Monster's Ball."

1970 - City University of New York (CUNY) inaugurates its open 
	admissions policy designed to increase the number of poor
	and minority students.

1971 - Bob Gibson, of the St. Louis Cardinals, pitches a no-hitter
	against the Pittsburgh Pirates.  It is the first no-hitter
	against the Pirates since 1955. 

1992 - The White House announces that the Pentagon will begin 
	emergency airlifts of food to Somalia to alleviate mass 
	deaths by starvation.

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