* Today in Black History - May 13 *
1865 - Two white regiments and an African American regiment, the Sixty-
second U.S. Colored Troops, fight in the last action of the civil war
at White's Ranch, Texas.
1871 - Alcorn A&M College (now Alcorn A&M University) opens in Lorman,
Mississippi.
1888 - Princess Isabel of Brazil signs the "Lei Aurea" (Golden Law) which
abolishes slavery. Slavery is ended in part to appease the efforts
of abolitionists, but mostly because it is less expensive for
employers to hire wageworkers than to keep slaves. Plantation
owners oppose the law because they are not compensated for
releasing their slaves. The passage of the law hastens the fall of the
Brazilian monarchy.
1891 - Isaac Murphy becomes the first jockey to win three Kentucky Derbys
as he wins the fabled race astride Kingman. Kingman was trained by
Dud Allen, an African American trainer.
1914 - Joseph Louis Barrow is born in Lexington, Alabama. He will be better
known as Joe Louis. "The Brown Bomber" will hold the heavyweight
crown from his 1937 title match with James J. Braddock until his first
retirement in 1949. In his 71 professional fights, he will amass a
record of 68 victories, 54 by knockouts. He will hold the title for
over 11 years, recording 25 successful defenses of the title. In 2003,
Ring Magazine will rate Joe Louis No. 1 on the list of 100 greatest
punchers of all time. In 2005, he will be named the greatest
heavyweight of all time by the International Boxing Research
Organization. He will participate in 27 heavyweight championship
fights, a record which still stands as of this date. He will join the
ancestors on April 12, 1981.
1933 - John Junior "Johnny" Roseboro is born in Ashland, Ohio. He will
become a professional baseball player in 1957 and will play as a
catcher for the Dodgers from 1957-1967, Minnesota Twins from 1968
to 1969, and the Washington Senators in 1970. He will join the
ancestors on August 16, 2002.
1938 - Louis Armstrong and his Orchestra record the New Orleans' jazz
standard, "When The Saints Go Marching In", on Decca Records
making it extremely popular.
1943 - Mary Wells is born in Detroit, Michigan. She will become a singer
for the Motown label and record the hits, "My Guy," "Two Lovers,"
"You Beat Me to the Punch," and "The One Who Really Loves You."
She will join the ancestors on July 26, 1992 after succumbing to
pneumonia and complications of larynx cancer.
1949 - Franklin Ajaye is born in Brooklyn, New York. He will become a
comedy writer, comedian and actor. He will appear in the movies
"The Jazz Singer," "Car Wash," "Hysterical," "The Wrong Guys," and
"Jock Jokes."
1950 - Steveland Judkins Morris is born in Saginaw, Michigan. As
12-year-old Little Stevie Wonder, he will become a singing and
musical sensation notable for "Fingertips, Part 2." Wonder will
continue to record through-out adulthood, with the albums "Talking
Book," "Songs in the Key of Life," "The Woman in Red," and the
soundtrack to the movie "Jungle Fever." Among other awards he will
win more than 16 Grammys and a 1984 best song Oscar for "I Just
Called to Say I Love You." He will be inducted into the Rock and
Roll Hall of Fame in 1989.
1961 - Dennis Keith Rodman is born in Trento, New Jersey. He will become a
professional basketball player and will help two different teams win
multiple NBA championships.
1966 - Federal education funding is denied to 12 school districts in the
South because of violations of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
1971 - (James) Charles Evers becomes the first African American mayor of
Fayette, Mississippi.
1971 - Aretha Franklin, the Queen of Soul, receives a gold record for her
version of "Bridge Over Troubled Water", originally a Paul Simon
and Art Garfunkel tune.
1978 - Henry Rono of Kenya sets the record for the 3,000 meter steeplechase
(8:05.4). The record will stand for eleven years.
1979 - Max Robinson becomes the first African American network news anchor
when he anchors ABC's World News Tonight.
1983 - Reggie Jackson becomes the first major leaguer to strike out 2,000
times.
1985 - Philadelphia Police bomb a house held by the group "Move", killing
eleven persons. Ramona Africa and a 13-year-old boy are the only
people to escape the inferno that the blast caused inside 6221
Osage Street. The heat from the blast also ignites a fire that
destroys 60 other homes and leaves 250 people homeless, angry and
heartbroken in a working-class section of West Philadelphia.
1990 - George Stallings is ordained as the first bishop of the newly
established African American Catholic Church. Stallings broke
from the Roman Catholic Church in 1989, citing the church's
failure to meet the needs of African American Catholics.
1995 - Army Captain Lawrence Rockwood is convicted at his court-martial in
Fort Drum, New York, of conducting an unauthorized investigation of
reported human rights abuses at a Haitian prison (the next day,
Rockwood is dismissed from the military, but receives no prison
time).
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