I got my Extra in 1988 so took it under the VE system
but still had to do the CW at 20 WPM. I was taking some computer
and electronics classes at the university where I worked so I'll
share a way you can always remember the difference between a PNP
and NPN symbol.

	Our instructor told us to use this mnemonic:

NPN never points in.
PNP points in permanently.

	Something I also learned when building things is that
the middle letter always tells you which way to bias the base in
relation to the emitter for the transistor to conduct.

Steve writes:
> BlankI may have said this on the list before, but I had a similar 
> experience
> to
> Mike's, except I took all three exams at the same time.
> 
> I had my Conditional, but I went to the FCC Detroit office in 1975 to
> upgrade.  They had a Braille copy of the General, but they couldn't find 
> the
> key.