When laptops shut down without being prompted, this typically indicates 
that the unit is overheating, has a malfunctioning battery or requires a 
software or BIOS update. While isolating the problem can be 
time-consuming, correcting the problem is fairly simple.

Instructions

1 Make sure that there aren't any obstructions to the air vents. A 
buildup of dust on the internals will also prevent good cooling. Check 
to make sure that your fan is working. These will cause overheating and 
make the laptop shut down. Remove all power, remove the laptop battery 
and unplug the charger, open all hatches and blow out any areas you have 
access to with compressed air. This should dislodge any obstructions.

2 Retrain the battery, which may have lost its ability to hold a 
complete charge. Unplug the laptop and use the battery until it runs 
out. Once dead, plug the laptop in, turn it off and recharge the battery 
in full. This may take at least 8 to 12 hours. Repeat this process at 
least three times. Verify that your charger is indeed charging the 
battery. If it isn't, check all connections and if all are OK, get a new 
charger. If the battery refuses to take a full charge or refuses to hold 
a charge after the retraining, get a new battery.

3 Check for BIOS updates on the laptop manufacturer's website.

4 Check for operating-system updates.


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