* Today in Black History - June 6 *
1716 - The first slaves arrive in Louisiana.
1779 - Haitian explorer Jean Baptiste-Pointe Du Sable founds the
first permanent settlement at the mouth of a river on the
north bank, that will become Chicago, Illinois.
1799 - Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin is born in Moscow, Russia.
This birth date is based on the Julian calendar, in use in
Russia at that time. His birth date, based on the Julian
calendar, is May 26. His mother was a granddaughter of
Abram Hannibal, who, according to family tradition, was an
Abyssinian (Ethiopian) princeling bought as a slave at
Constantinople (Istanbul) and adopted by Peter the Great.
The great-grandfather then becomes a page and confidant to
the Czar. Pushkin will become a poet, novelist, dramatist,
and short-story writer. He will often be considered his
country’s greatest poet and the founder of modern Russian
literature. He will be first published in the journal, "The
Messenger of Europe" in 1814. He will be widely recognized
by the literary establishment by the time of his graduation
from the Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoye Selo. While under the
strict surveillance of the Czar's political police and unable
to publish, he will write his most famous play, the drama
"Boris Godunov." His novel in verse, "Eugene Onegin," was
serialized between 1825 and 1832. Notoriously touchy about
his honor, he will fight a total of twenty nine duels, and
will be fatally wounded in such an encounter with Georges-
Charles de Heeckeren d'Anthès. D'Anthès, a French officer
serving with the Chevalier Guard Regiment, had been
attempting to seduce the poet's wife, Natalya Pushkin. His
early death at the age of 37 is still regarded as a
catastrophe for Russian literature. He will join the
ancestors on January 29 (Julian) or February 10 (Gregorian),
1837.
1831 - The second national Black convention meets in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania. There are fifteen delegates from five
states.
1869 - Dillard University is chartered in New Orleans, Louisiana.
1934 - Roy Emile Alfredo Innis is born in the U.S. Virgin Islands
and will be raised in New York City. He will become a civil
rights activist and will join the Harlem chapter of CORE
(Congress of Racial Equality) in 1963. He will be National
Chairman since his election to the position in 1968.
1935 - Jesse Owens is elected Captain of the 1936 track team at
Ohio State University. He is the first African American to
hold such position on any Ohio State Team.
1935 - Robert Cornelius "Bobby" Mitchell is born in Hot Springs,
Arkansas. He willbecome a professional football player
starting as an eighth round draft selection by the Cleveland
Browns in 1958. He will play in four Pro Bowls (one with
Cleveland and three with Washington) over his 11-year
playing career and is considered one of the NFL’s all-time
great multi-purpose players. When he is traded to the
Washington franchise in 1962, he becomes the first African
American to play for the team. He will become an inductee
to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1983. He will be a
prominent part of the Washington Redskins organization for
over 41 years until he retires after the 2002-2003 season.
1936 - Levi Stubbles is born in Detroit, Michigan. He will become a
rhythm and blues singer known as Levi Stubbs and a member
of the group, "The Aims." The group will start as a backup
group for Levi's cousin, Jackie Wilson. The group will
change their name to "The Four Tops" in 1956, to avoid
confusion with the Ames Brothers. Berry Gordy will sign the
group in 1963 and launch their first hit, "Baby, I Need Your
Loving." The group will stay together over forty years,
longer than any other popular group, with the original
personnel intact. He will join the ancestors on October 17,
2008.
1939 - Marion Wright (later Edelman) is born in Bennettsville,
South Carolina. In addition to becoming the first African
American woman admitted to the bar in Mississippi, she
will direct the NAACP's Legal Defense and Education Fund
in New York and Mississippi and will found the Children's
Defense Fund in 1973. She will be the president of the
organization to the present date.
1939 - Gary Levone Anderson is born in Jacksonville, Florida. He
will be raised in Norfolk, Virginia where he will become a
singer as a teenager, with a group called "The Turks." He
will solo as Gary "U.S." Bonds in 1960 recording the hit
"New Orleans." His name will be inspired by a poster in a
Norfolk shop urging Americans to "Carry U. S. Bonds." In
1961 when Bonds records his version of a local group's
song, "A Night with Daddy G.," it will be re-titled
"Quarter to Three" and will be a huge hit. He will record
three additional hits in the next year. After a twenty
year decline in his career, he will make a comeback after
his fan, Bruce Springsteen, begins to use "Quarter to
Three" as his encore.
1944 - The 320th Negro Anti-Aircraft Barrage Balloon Battalion
assists in the D-Day invasion in Normandy, France.
1947 - Harrison Branch is born in New York City. A student at the
San Francisco Art Institute and Yale University School of
Art, he will become a professor of art and photographer
whose works will be exhibited and collected in the U.S.
and in Europe and will appear in the landmark photography
book, "An Illustrated Bio-Bibliography of Black
Photographers," 1940-1988, edited by Deborah Wills Ryan.
1966 - James Meredith is wounded by a white sniper, as he walked
along U.S. Highway 51 near Hernando, Mississippi, on the
second day of the Memphis, Tennessee to Jackson,
Mississippi, voter registration march. Meanwhile,
Stokely Carmichael, using his newly adopted name of Kwame'
Toure, launches the Black Power movement. Toure will say
that the use of the term is not anti-white, but a phrase
to denote a political strategy.
1973 - Barry White is awarded a gold record for "I'm Gonna Love
You Just a Little More Baby". It is his first hit and his
first of five, number one, million sellers. White will
begin recording in 1960. He will form the group, Love
Unlimited, in 1969 and marry one of the group's singers,
Glodean James. He will also form the 40-piece Love
Unlimited Orchestra which will have the number one hit,
"Love's Theme." He will join the ancestors on July 4,
2003 from complications of high blood pressure and kidney
disease.
1977 - Joseph Lawson Howze is installed as bishop of the Roman
Catholic diocese of Biloxi, Mississippi. He becomes the
first African American to head a U.S. diocese in the
Catholic Church in the twentieth century.
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