* Today in Black History - July 5 *
1852 - At a meeting sponsored by the Rochester Ladies' Anti-
Slavery Society, in Rochester Hall, Rochester, New
York, Frederick Douglass illustrates the full shame
of slavery, delivering a speech that takes aim at
the pieties of the nation -- the cherished memories
of its revolution, its principles of liberty, and its
moral and religious foundation. The Fourth of July,
a day celebrating freedom, is used by Douglass to
remind his audience of liberty's unfinished business.
"What to the American Slave is Your Fourth of July?":
"To him your celebration is a sham...to cover up
crimes which would disgrace a nation of savages.
There is not a nation of the earth guilty of practices
more shocking and bloody than are the people of the
United States at this very hour." The text of this
speech can be seen on the Information Man's web site
http://www.informationman.com/douglass.htm .
1892 - Andrew Beard is issued patent number 478,271 for his
rotary engine.
1899 - Anna Arnold (later Hedgeman) is born in Marshalltown,
Iowa. She will become the first African American
woman to serve in the cabinet of a New York City mayor
(1954), a special projects coordinator for the
Commission on Religion and Race of the National Council
of Churches, and recruiter of 40,000 Protestant
churchmen to participate in the 1963 March on Washington.
She will serve as teacher, lecturer, and consultant to
numerous educational centers, boards, and colleges and
universities, particularly in the area of African American
studies. She will travel to Africa and lecture throughout
the United States, especially in black schools and
colleges, as an example of a black hero. She will stress
to students the importance of understanding history as a
basis to achieve equality. She will hold memberships in
numerous organizations, such as the Child Study
Association, Community Council of the City of New York,
National Urban League, NAACP, United Nations Association,
Advisory Committee on Alcoholism, Advisory Committee on
Drug Addiction, and the National Conference of Christians
and Jews. She will author "The Trumpet Sounds" (1964),
"The Gift of Chaos" (1977), and articles in numerous
organizational publications, newspapers, and journals.
She will join the ancestors on January 17, 1990.
1913 - Overton Amos Lemons is born in Dequincy, Louisiana. He will
become a rhythm and blues vocalist better known as Smiley
Lewis. He will be best remembered for his song, "I Hear You
Knockin'." He will join the ancestors on October 7, 1966
after succumbing to stomach cancer.
1947 - The first African American baseball player in the American
League joins the lineup of the Cleveland Indians. Larry
Doby plays his first game against the Chicago White Sox.
He will play for both the Indians and the White Sox
during his 13-year, major-league career.
1949 - The New York Giants purchase the contracts of Monty Irvin
& Henry Thompson, their first African American players.
1963 - Dorien Wilson is born in Lompoc, California. He will
become an actor who is best known for his role as
Professor Stanley Oglevee on the UPN sitcom "The Parkers,"
the spin-off series of "Moesha," which will first run
from 1999 to 2004, and for his recurring role as Terrence
Winningham on the sitcom "Sister, Sister" from 1994 to
1996. He is currently playing as Jay Weaver on the Bounce
TV sitcom "In the Cut."
1966 - Three nights of race rioting in Omaha, Nebraska, result
in the calling out of the National Guard.
1969 - Robert Fitzgerald Diggs is born in New York City, New York.
He will become a rapper, record producer, musician, actor,
and director, better known by his stage name RZA. He will
be the de facto leader of the Wu-Tang Clan. He will produce
almost all of Wu-Tang Clan's albums, as well as many
Wu-Tang solo and affiliate projects. He is a cousin of two
other original Wu-Tang Clan members: GZA and Ol' Dirty
Bastard. He will also release solo albums under the alter-
ego Bobby Digital, along with executive producing credits
for side projects. Prior to forming the Wu-Tang Clan, RZA
will be a founding member of the horrorcore group
Gravediggaz, where he will go by the name The RZArector.
RZA will be heavily involved in filmmaking since the late
1990s. He will score a number of films, most notably "Kill
Bill: Volume 1" (2003) and "Kill Bill: Volume 2" (2004). He
will write and direct in film and television, starting with
his directorial debut, "The Man with the Iron Fists," in
2012. He will also act in numerous films and TV series,
including the films "American Gangster" and "Brick Mansions,"
and the TV series "Gang Related" and "Californication." He
will be especially known for his music production, with a
style that will include the use of soul samples and sparse
beats that will prove highly influential. The magazine "The
Source" will place him on its list of the 20 greatest
producers in the magazine's twenty-year history. Vibe will
list him among the top 8 greatest hip-hop producers of all
time. NME will place him on their list of the 50 Greatest
Producers Ever.
1969 - Tom Mboya, Economics Minister, joins the ancestors after
being assassinated in Narobi, Kenya.
1973 - Joseph Lewis Thomas is born in Columbus, Georgia. He will
become a singer, songwriter and record producer. In 1992 he
will sign a record deal with Polygram Records. He will rise
to prominence after releasing his debut album, "Everything"
the following year. He will follow it with a series of
successful albums under Jive Records, including "All That I
Am" (1997), the international bestseller "My Name Is Joe"
(2000) as well as the multi-certified albums "Better Days"
(2001) and "And Then..." (2003). Several songs from these
albums will become hit singles on the pop and Rhthm & Blues
record charts, including the number-one hit "Stutter", the
top ten entries "All the Things (Your Man Won't Do)", "Don't
Wanna Be a Player", and "I Wanna Know" as well as his
collaborations "Faded Pictures", "Thank God I Found You" and
"Still Not a Player". Since his departure from Jive, Joe will
release most of his projects independently through ventures
with Kedar Massenburg and Plaid Takeover Entertainment. In
2016, his twelfth album "My Name Is Joe Thomas" will become
his eleventh album to score a top five-placing on Billboard's
Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, while lead single "So I Can Have
You Back" will become his fourth number-one hit on the Adult
R&B Songs chart over the span of three consecutive decades
(1990s, 2000s, and 2010s). In 2010, Billboard will list Joe at
48th on its list of the Top 50 R&B and Hip Hop Artists of the
past 25 years. An ASCAP Award recipient for his song "I Wanna
Know", Joe will be a seven-time Grammy Award nominee and will
be nominated for numerous other awards and accolades, including
a BET Award, a NAACP Image Award, and four Soul Train Music
Awards.
1975 - Arthur Ashe becomes the first African American to win the
Wimbledon Men's Singles Championship when he defeats
Jimmy Conners.
1975 - The Cape Verde Islands gain independence after 500 years
of Portuguese rule.
1975 - Forty persons are injured in racial disturbances in Miami,
Florida.
1976 - Rufus Arthur Johnson is born in Detroit, Michigan. He will grow
up living with his single mother. He will start rapping when he
is in the fifth grade. His teacher will think he was talking to
himself, and began calling him 'Bizarre'. In 1995, he will join
the rap group D12 with neighborhood friends DeShaun "Proof"
Holton, Karnail "Bugz" Pitts, Carlos "Fuzz Scoota" Rabb, and Von
"Kuniva" Carlisle. He will also meet Marshall "Eminem" Mathers
through Proof. Bizarre will attend a club on Friday nights called
'The Shelter' in Saint Andrew's Hall, where rap battles would be
held.
1977 - Ryan Daniel Montgomery is born in Detroit, Michigan. He will become
a rapper and songwriter better known by his stage name Royce da 5'9".
He will be best known for his longtime association with Eminem as
well as his solo career, recording primarily with producers Carlos
"6 July" Broady and DJ Premier, as well as ghostwriting for the
likes of Diddy and Dr. Dre. He will be one half of the rap duo Bad
Meets Evil with Eminem and one half of the hip hop duo PRhyme with
DJ Premier. He will also be one quarter of the hip hop group
Slaughterhouse with Joe Budden, Joell Ortiz and KXNG CROOKED. The
editors of About.com will rank him No. 31 on their list of the Top
50 MCs of Our Time (1987–2007).
1989 - Malcolm Xavier Smith is born in Woodland Hills, California. He will
become a football linebacker for the San Francisco 49ers of the
National Football League (NFL). He will play college football at USC.
He will be drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the seventh round of
the 2011 NFL Draft. He will be named the Most Valuable Player of
Super Bowl XLVIII when they defeat the Denver Broncos.
1989 - Barry Bond's home run sets father-son (Bobby) HR record at
408.
1990 - Zina Garrison upsets Steffi Graf in the Wimbledon semi-
finals.
1994 - In an attempt to halt a surge of Haitian refugees, the
Clinton administration announces it is refusing entry to
new Haitian boat people.
2004 - Terrell Louis Ransom Jr. is born in Royal Oak, Michigan. Also
known as Kid Prodigy, he will become a child actor and model,
singer, musician and rapper. He will be best known for his role
on "The Amazing World of Gumball" as Darwin Watterson. After
moving to California in late 2007, he will be working
consistently. He will appear in numerous commercials including
ads for Kmart, Quilted Northern, Old Navy, Elmers Glue, McDonald's
and SpongeBob SpongeSoap. He will make guest appearances on several
shows including ABC's "The Middle" and "Detroit 1-8-7," CBS's
"CSI:NY" and NBC's "The Jay Leno Show." He will also appear in a
few movies including the 2011 flick "The Chicago 8" and 2012 Lifetime
movie "Murder on the 13th Floor." He will be the voice of the
character of Darwin Watterson (second voice for series, third overall)
as of the third season through the eleventh episode of the fifth
season of Cartoon Network's "The Amazing World of Gumball."
2016 - The Library of Congress announces that this year's Gershwin
Prize for Popular Song will be awarded to Rhythm and Blues
icon, William "Smokey" Robinson. The 76-year-old Robinson
is behind some of the biggest hits in Motown history. As
the lead singer of the Miracles, he wrote and performed
"You've Really Got a Hold on Me," "The Tracks of My Tears"
and "I Second That Emotion." He also wrote some of the
Temptations' best-known songs, including "My Girl."
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