* Today in Black History - October 24 *
1892 - 25,000 African American workers strike in New Orleans,
Louisiana. This is the first major job stoppage in U.S.
labor history by African Americans.
1923 - The U.S. Department of Labor issues a report stating that
approximately 500,000 African Americans had left the South
in the preceding twelve months.
1935 - Langston Hughes's play "Mulatto" opens on Broadway. It will
have the longest run of any play by an African American
until Lorraine Hansberry's "A Raisin in the Sun."
1935 - Italy invades Ethiopia. African Americans hold mass meetings
of protest and raise funds for the Ethiopian defenders.
1936 - The Boston Chronicle blasts the soon-to-be-released movie
"The Big Broadcast" of 1937 for featuring a white pianist
who appears in the movie while Teddy Wilson actually plays
the music: "The form of racial discrimination and
falsification of acts...is frequently duplicated by many
whites in their daily dealings with Negroes...Negro farm
hands and laborers in other fields of industry produce
billions of dollars of wealth, but the white landowners and
sweat shop operators get all the profit."
1942 - In recognition of the influence of so-called race music,
Billboard magazine creates its first ratings chart devoted
to African American music, The Harlem Hit Parade. The
number-one record is "Take It & Git" by Andy Kirk and His
Twelve Clouds of Joy, featuring Mary Lou Williams on piano.
1948 - Frizzel Gerald Gray is born in Baltimore, Maryland. He will be
better known as Kweisi Mfume, an adopted African name that
means "Conquering Son of Kings." In 1978, he will be elected
to the Baltimore City Council, serving there until 1986. His
political stance will be against that of then-mayor William
Donald Schaefer, who he believed had ignored the many poor
neighborhoods of the city. It will be a contentious matter, but
despite his strong opinions, he will learn the art of political
compromise. He will be perceived by many to have had some
success during his stay in office, a fact perhaps reflected by
his subsequent election to the United States House of
Representatives in 1986, despite a torrent of criticism,
directed in no small part against his early past. Serving in
Maryland's 7th Congressional district for five terms, he will make
himself known as a Democrat with an apparent balance between
strong progressive ideologies and a capacity for practical
compromise, representing a district that included both West
Baltimore and suburban and rural communities, though his primary
goal was an increase in federal aid to American inner cities. In
his fourth term, he will be made chairman of the Congressional
Black Caucus. In February 1996, he will leave the House to accept
the presidency of the National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People (NAACP), stating that he could do more to improve
American civil rights there than in the Congress. He will reform
the association's finances to pay off its considerable debt while
pursuing the cause of civil rights advancement for African
Americans. Many citizens in Baltimore will want him to run for
mayor in the 1999 election, but he will stay with the NAACP. He will
serve in this position for nine years before stepping down in 2004.
He will run unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate in 2006. In May 2013,
he will be named Chairman of his alma mater, Morgan State University,
assuming the position on July 1, 2013.
1964 - Kenneth David Kuanda becomes President of Zambia as Zambia
(Northern Rhodesia) gains independence from Great Britain.
1972 - Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Robinson joins the ancestors at the
age of 53 in Stamford, Connecticut.
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