* Today in Black History - August 4 *
1810 - Robert Purvis is born. He will become an abolitionist and will be
on the first board of managers of the American Anti-Slavery
Society.
1870 - White conservatives suppress the African American vote and capture
the Tennessee legislature in an election marred by assassinations
and widespread violence. The campaign effectively ends Radical
Reconstruction in North Carolina. The conservative legislature will
impeach Governor Holden on December 14.
1875 - The Convention of Colored Newspapermen is held in Cincinnati, Ohio.
The meeting is attended by J. Sella Martin of the "True Republican",
Mifflin W. Gibbs, former publisher of California's "Mirror of the
Times" representing the "Pacific Appeal", Henry McNeal Turner of
Philadelphia's "Christian Recorder", the San Francisco "Elevator's"
L. H. Douglass, and Henry Scroggins of the "American Citizen"
(Lexington, Kentucky). Chairman P.B.S. Pinchback states the aim of
the national organization: "to make colored people's newspapers
self-sustaining." At the time of the convention, Martin's "New
Era" and Frederick Douglass' "North Star" are among eight African
American newspaper failures.
1885 - W.C. Carter invents the umbrella stand.
1890 - Sam T. Jack's play "Creoles" opens in Haverhill, Massachusetts. It
is the first time African American women are featured as performers
on the stage.
1891 - George Washington Williams dies in Blackpool, England at the age of
41. He was the first major African American historian and published
his major work, "History of the Negro Race in America from 1619 to
1880" in 1883.
1896 - W.S. Grant patents a curtain rod support.
1897 - Henry Rucker is appointed collector of Internal Revenue for Georgia.
1901 - Daniel Louis Armstrong is born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He will
become a jazz musician specializing in the cornet and trumpet. He
will win a Grammy Award for his rendition of "Hello, Dolly!" in
1964. He will be awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award in 1971.
Some of his other hits will be "It's a Wonderful World," "Mack the
Knife," and "Blueberry Hill." He will also be featured in films:
"The Five Pennies," "The Glenn Miller Story," "Hello Dolly!," and
"High Society." He will be referred to as the American ambassador
of good will and will be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of
Fame in 1990. Throughout his life, he will resent the
nickname "Satchmo", short for satchel mouth.
1916 - The United States purchases the Danish Virgin Islands for $25
million.
1931 - Dr. Daniel Hale Williams, heart surgeon, founder of Chicago's
Provident Hospital, dies.
1936 - "Long" John Woodruff, of the University of Pittsburgh, wins a gold
medal in the 800-meter run at the Olympic Summer Games in Berlin,
Germany. He, like Jesse Owens (who had won his second medal
earlier in the day), will be snubbed by Adolph Hitler, who believes
that blacks are incapable of athletic achievement.
1936 - Jesse Owens sets a new Olympic running broad jump record by leaping
26' 5 5/16".
1953 - The movement of African American families into the Trumbull Park
housing project in Chicago, Illinois, triggers virtually continuous
riot conditions which will last more than three years and require
the assignment of more than one thousand policemen to keep order.
1962 - Nelson Mandela is captured and jailed by South African police.
1964 - James E. Chaney and two other civil rights workers' bodies are found
in an earthen dam on a farm in Philadelphia, Mississippi. They had
been missing since June 21. The FBI said that they had been
murdered on the night of their disappearance by segregationists.
Eighteen whites, including several police officers, were charged
with conspiracy to deprive the victims of their civil rights.
1969 - Willie Stargell is the first to hit a home run out of Dodger Stadium.
1980 - Maury Wills is named manager of the Seattle Mariners. He is the
third African American to be named a major league manager.
1985 - California Angel Rod Carew gets his 3,000th base hit.
1996 - On the final day of the Atlanta Olympics, Josia Thugwane became the
first black South African to win a gold medal as he finished first
in the marathon.
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