* Today in Black History - April 1 *
1867 - African Americans vote in a municipal election in Tuscumbia,
Alabama. Military officials set aside the election pending
clarification on electoral procedures.
1868 - Hampton Institute is founded in Hampton, Virginia, by General
Samuel Chapman Armstrong.
1895 - Alberta Hunter is born in Memphis, Tennessee. She will run
away from home at the age of twelve and go to Chicago,
Illinois to become a Blues singer. She will work in a variety
of clubs until the violence in the Chicago club scene prompts
her to move to New York City. There she will record for a
variety of blues labels. She will write a lot of her own songs
and songs for other performers. Her song "Down Hearted Blues,"
will become Bessie Smith's first record in 1923. She will
perform in Europe and America until 1956, when she will retire
from performing. She will work for more than twenty years as
a nurse in a New York hospital and in 1977, at the age of 82,
surprisingly return to the stage. She will perform until she
joins the ancestors in 1984.
1905 - The British East African Protectorate becomes the colony of
Kenya.
1917 - Scott Joplin joins the ancestors in New York City. One of the
early developers of ragtime and the author of "Maple Leaf Rag,"
Joplin also created several rag-time and grand operas, the
most noteworthy of which, "Treemonisha," consumed his later
years in an attempt to have it published and performed.
1924 - The British Crown takes over Northern Rhodesia from the British
South Africa Company.
1929 - Morehouse College, Spelman College and Atlanta University are
merged, creating a 'new' Atlanta University. Dr. John Hope of
Morehouse College, is named president.
1930 - Zawditu, the first reigning female monarch of Ethiopia, joins
the ancestors. She was the second daughter of Emperor Menelik
II. She had been Empress of Ethiopia since 1916.
1939 - Rudolph Bernard Isley is born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He will
become a singer at the age of six with his brothers O'Kelly,
Ronald and Vernon Isley and form the group, The Isley Brothers.
They will leave Cincinnati in 1956 and go to New York City to
pursue their musical career. Rudolph and his brothers will
obtain fame and success nationally and internationally earning
numerous platinum and gold albums which contain such classic
hits as "Shout," "Twist and Shout," "It's Your Thing," "Who's
That Lady," "Fight the Power," "For the Love of You," "Harvest
For The World," "Live It Up," "Footsteps in the Dark," "Work to
Do," "Don't Say Good Night" and many others.
1950 - Charles R. Drew, surgeon and developer of the blood bank
concept, joins the ancestors after an automobile accident near
Burlington, North Carolina at the age of 45.
1951 - Oscar Micheaux joins the ancestors in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Micheaux formed his own film production company, Oscar Micheaux
Corporation, to produce his novel "The Homesteader" and over 30
other movies, notably "Birthright," which was adapted from a
novel by Pulitzer Prize-winning author T.S. Stribling, and
"Body and Soul," which marked the film debut of Paul Robeson.
1966 - The first World Festival of Negro Arts opens in Dakar, Senegal,
with the U.S. African American delegation having one of the
largest number of representatives. First prizes are won by
poet Robert Hayden, engraver William Majors, actors Ivan Dixon
and Abbey Lincoln, gospel singer Mahalia Jackson, jazz
trumpeter Louis Armstrong, and sociologist Kenneth Clark.
1984 - Marvin Gaye joins the ancestors after being shot to death by his
father, Marvin Gaye, Sr. in Los Angeles, California, one day
before his forty-fifth birthday. The elder Gaye will plead
guilty to voluntary manslaughter, and receive probation.
Marvin Gaye was one of the most talented soul singers of all
time. Unlike most soul greats, Gaye's artistic inclinations
evolved over the course of three decades, moving from
hard-driving soul-pop to funk and dance grooves.
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