*               Today in Black History - April 20               *

1853 - Harriet Tubman starts the Underground Railroad.

1871 - Third Enforcement Act defines Klan conspiracy as a rebellion
	against the United States and empowers the president to suspend
	the writ of habeas corpus and declare martial law in rebellious
	areas.

1877 - Federal troops are withdrawn from public buildings in New
	Orleans, Louisiana.  Democrats then take over the state
	government.

1908 - Lionel Hampton is born in Louisville, Kentucky.  He will become
	trained as a drummer and starts his musical career on this
	instrument.  In 1930, while in a recording session with Louis
	Armstrong, He will become fall in love with the sound of a
	vibraphone that was used only to play the famous NBC bing-bang-
	bong station identification.  This will lead to Armstrong asking
	Hampton to add the instrument to the score they were about to
	record.  "Memories of You", the song premiering Hampton on the
	vibraphone, will become a classic.  He will go on to become the
	best-known jazz master of the vibraphone.

1920 - Mary J. Reynolds invents a hoisting/loading mechanism.

1926 - Harriet Elizabeth Byrd is born in Cheyenne, Wyoming.  She will
	become a teacher and, in 1981, the first African American
	legislator in Wyoming's state history.

1951 - Luther Vandross is born in New York City.  An early backup 
	singer and commercial jingle writer, his big break as a solo 
	artist will come in 1981 when his album "Never Too Much" will 
	reveal his talents to both R & B and pop audiences.  He will 
	make a string of hit albums, earning seven consecutive platinum 
	and double-platinum albums and achieve his greatest crossover
	success with the albums "The Best of Luther Vandross" and 
	"Power of Love," which will earn him three Grammy awards. He 
	will join the ancestors from complications of diabetes and a 
	stroke on July 1, 2005.

1964 - Cleveland school officials report that 86 per cent of the 
	African American students in the school system participated in 
	one-day boycott.

1965 - President Lyndon Johnson awards the Medal of Freedom to Leontyne
	Price, for "Her singing has brought light to her land."

1969 - James Earl Jones wins a Tony for his portrayal of controversial
	heavyweight champion Jack Johnson in "The Great White Hope."

1971 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules unanimously that busing is a
	constitutionally acceptable method of integrating public
	schools.

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