Arthur Lupia, professor of political science at the University of 
Michigan, kicked off the session with an energetic and engrossing 
review of what biology and psychology had discovered about the 
challenges of making complex arguments to diverse audiences. The 
fleeting, fragmented nature of human attention and the phenomenon of 
"motivated reasoning" almost guarantee that people will not absorb 
and accept upsetting information unless it speaks meaningfully to 
their priorities and values.


"People Who experience mood swings, fear, voices and visions"