* Today in Black History - November 2 *
1875 - Democrats suppress the African American vote by fraud and
violence and carry Mississippi elections. "The Mississippi
Plan" staged riots, political assassinations, massacres and
social and economic intimidation will be used later to
overthrow Reconstruction governments in South Carolina and
Louisiana.
1903 - Business and civic leader, Maggie Lena Walker, opens the St.
Luke Penny Savings Bank in Richmond, Virginia, becoming the
first female bank president in the United States.
1930 - Ras Tafari Makonnen is crowned Negus of Ethiopia, taking the
name Haile Selassie I, 225th Emperor of Solomonic Dynasty.
His coronation will signify to thousands of Jamaicans and
Garveyites in the United States, the fulfillment of the
prophecy of their leader, Marcus Garvey.
1954 - Charles C. Diggs becomes the first African American
representative to Congress from Michigan. He, along with
William Dawson of Illinois and Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. of
New York, comprise the largest number of African Americans
to date in Congress in the 20th century. Diggs will leave
Congress in 1980 after being convicted of mail fraud and
being censured by Congress.
1954 - NAACP's Spingarn Medal is presented to Dr. Theodore K. Lawles
for his research on skin-related diseases.
1958 - Willie McGee, baseball player (St. Louis Cardinals and 1985
National League MVP), is born.
1979 - Black activist Joanne Chesimard escapes from a New Jersey
prison, where she was serving a life sentence for the 1973
slaying of a New Jersey state trooper. Chesimard, who takes
the name Assata Shakur successfully flees the United States
to Cuba.
1982 - Katie B. Hall is elected the first African American
congressional representative from Indiana.
1983 - President Ronald Reagan signs a bill to establish a federal
holiday in honor of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday
on the third Monday in January. It is the culmination of the
efforts by many civil rights organizations and entertainers
to name King's birthday as a national holiday.
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