* Today in Black History - September 4 *
1781 - California's second pueblo near San Gabriel, Nuestra Senora
la Reina de Los Angeles de Porciuncula (Los Angeles,
California) is founded by forty-four settlers, of whom at
least twenty-six were descendants of Africans. Among the
settlers of African descent, according to H.H. Bancroft's
authoritative "History of California," were "Joseph Moreno,
Mulatto, 22 years old, wife a Mulattress, five children;
Manuel Cameron, Mulatto, 30 years old, wife Mulattress;
Antonio Mesa, Negro, 38 years old, wife Mulattress, six
children; Jose Antonio Navarro, Mestizo, 42 years old,
wife, Mulattress, three children; Basil Rosas, Indian, 68
years old, wife, Mulattress, six children."
1848 - Louis H. Latimer is born in Chelsea, Massachusetts. A one-
time draftsman and preparer of patents for Alexander
Graham Bell, he will later join the United States Electric
Company, where he will patent a carbon filament for the
incandescent lamp. When he joins the ancestors on December
11, 1928, he will be eulogized by his co-workers as a
valuable member of the "Edison Pioneers," a group of men
and women who advanced electrical light usage in the
United States.
1865 - Bowie State College (now University) is established in
Bowie, Maryland.
1875 - The Clinton Massacre occurs in Clinton, Mississippi. Twenty
to thirty African Americans are killed over a two-day
period.
1908 - Richard Nathaniel Wright is born on a plantation near Natchez
Mississippi. He will become an author of sometimes
controversial novels, short stories, poems, and non-fiction.
Much of his literature will concern racial themes, especially
those involving the plight of African Americans during the
late 19th to mid-20th centuries. Literary critics will
believe that his work helped change race relations in the
United States in the mid-20th century. He will become the
author of the best-selling "Native Son," "Uncle Tom's
Children," and "Black Boy." In January 1941, he will
receive the prestigious Spingarn Medal for noteworthy
achievement by an African American. He will be among the
first African American writers to protest white treatment of
African Americans. He will move to Paris in 1946, and become
a permanent American expatriate. In Paris, he will become
friends with Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus. His
Existentialist phase will be depicted in his second novel,
"The Outsider" (1953). After becoming a French citizen in
1947, he will continue to travel through Europe, Asia, and
Africa. These experiences will be the basis of numerous
nonfiction works. He will join the ancestors in Paris on
November 28, 1960.
1942 - Merald 'Bubba' Knight is born in Atlanta, Georgia. He will
become a singer with his sister Gladys Knight as part of
her background group, The Pips. They will record many
songs including "Midnight Train to Georgia," "Best Thing
That Ever Happened to Me," "I Heard It Through the
Grapevine," "Every Beat of My Heart," "Letter Full of
Tears," and "The Way We Were/Try to Remember" medley.
1953 - Lawrence-Hilton Jacobs is born in New York City. He will
become an actor and will star in "Alien Nation", "Welcome
Back, Kotter," "Claudine," "Cooley High," Bangers and
Mash," "The Jacksons: An American Dream," "L.A. Heat," and
"L.A. Vice."
1957 - The governor of Arkansas, Orval Faubus, calls out the
National Guard to stop nine African American students
from entering Central High School in Little Rock,
Arkansas. Three weeks later, President Dwight Eisenhower
sends a force of 1,000 U.S. Army paratroopers (The 101st
Airborne) to Little Rock to guarantee the peaceful
desegregation of the public school.
1960 - Damon Kyle Wayans is born in New York City, New york. He
will become an actor/comedian and will star in "In Living
Color," "Major Payne," "Blankman," "Celtic Pride,"
"The Great White Hype" and many others.
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