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I'd be interested in the full text if it is available.


At 10:00 AM 3/15/2004 -0500, you wrote:
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>the digest header
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>I haven't gotten the full-text yet, but this article really seems to
>support our view of evolutionary fitness.
>
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>J Appl Physiol 96: 3-10, 2004; 10.1152/japplphysiol.00757.2003
>
>8750-7587/04
>
>
>INVITED REVIEW
>
>
>Eating, exercise, and "thrifty" genotypes: connecting the dots toward an
>evolutionary understanding of modern chronic diseases
>
>
>Manu V. Chakravarthy1 and Frank W. Booth2
>
>1Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of
>Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis
>63110; and 2Departments of Biomedical Sciences and of Medical Pharmacology
>and Physiology and the Dalton Cardiovascular Institute, University of
>Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
>
>
>
>Survival of Homo sapiens during evolution was dependent on the procurement
>of food, which in turn was dependent on physical activity. However, food
>supply was never consistent. Thus it is contended that the ancient hunter-
>gatherer had cycles of feast and famine, punctuated with obligate periods
>of physical activity and rest. Hence, gene selection in the Late-
>Paleolithic era was probably influenced by physical activity and rest. To
>ensure survival during periods of famine, certain genes evolved to regulate
>efficient intake and utilization of fuel stores. Such genes were
>termed "thrifty genes" in 1962. Furthermore, convincing evidence shows that
>this ancient genome has remained essentially unchanged over the past 10,000
>years and certainly not changed in the past 40-100 years. Although the
>absolute caloric intake of modern-day humans is likely lower compared with
>our hunter-gatherer ancestors, it is nevertheless in positive caloric
>balance in the majority of the US adult population mainly due to the
>increased sedentary lifestyle in present society. We contend that the
>combination of continuous food abundance and physical inactivity eliminates
>the evolutionarily programmed biochemical cycles emanating from feast-
>famine and physical activity-rest cycles, which in turn abrogates the
>cycling of certain metabolic processes, ultimately resulting in metabolic
>derangements such as obesity and Type 2 diabetes. In this context, we
>postulate that perhaps a crucial mechanism to break the stall of the
>metabolic processes would be via exercise through the regulation
>of "physical activity genes," some of which may also be potential
>candidates for the "thrifty genes" of our hunter-gatherer ancestors.
>Therefore, the identification of such "thrifty gene" candidates would help
>provide insight into the pathogenetic processes of the numerous physical
>inactivity-mediated disorders.
>
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