* Today in Black History - July 23 *
1891 - Louis Tompkins Wright, is born in Georgia. He will graduate
from Harvard Medical School in 1915, and subsequently serve
in World War I as an officer in the United States Army Medical
Corps. He will become the first African American doctor to
be appointed to the staff of a New York City municipal hospital
in 1919 when he begins seeing patients at the Harlem Hospital
out-patient clinic. He will be, at one point, the only African
American member of the American College of Surgeons. Dr.
Wright will be an active civil rights advocate and leading
member of the NAACP which will recognize him as a champion of
human rights with the Spingarn Medal in 1940.
1892 - Lij Tafari Makonnen is born in Ejarsa Goro, Ethiopia. He will
become Emperor of Ethiopia in 1930, assuming his baptismal name
Haile Selassie I. He will rule Ethiopia until 1974 when he will
be deposed in a bloodless coup. He will join the ancestors in
August of 1975.
1900 - The Pan-African Congress meets in London, England. Among the
leaders of the Congress are H. Sylvester Williams, a West
Indian Lawyer with a London practice, W.E.B. Du Bois, and
Bishop Alexander Walters.
1920 - British East Africa is renamed Kenya.
1943 - Poet, editor, and author Quincy Troupe is born. Among his books
will be volumes of poetry, most notably "Watts Poets", and an
autobiography of Miles Davis.
1947 - Spencer Christian, weatherman (Good Morning America), is born.
1948 - Progressive party convention, meeting in Philadelphia, nominates
Henry Wallace for President. The New Party makes a major
effort to attract African Americans. Approximately 150 African
American delegates and alternates attend the convention. The
keynote speaker is Charles P. Howard, and attorney, publisher
and former Republican from Des Moines, Iowa. Thirty-seven
African Americans will run for state and local offices on the
party ticket. Ten Blacks will run for Congress. The party
attracts few Black voters, but forces the Democratic party to
make serious gestures to hold the African American vote.
1967 - Forty-three persons are killed in a racially motivated disturbance
in Detroit, Michigan. Federal troops are called out for the first
time since the Detroit riot of 1943, to quell the largest racial
rebellion in a U.S. city in the twentieth century. More than two
thousand persons are injured and some five thousand are arrested.
Police report 1,442 fires. Disturbances will spread to other
Michigan cities.
1968 - An alleged black radical ambush of a Cleveland police detail
sparks two days of disturbances that will result in 11 deaths,
including three policemen. The Ohio National Guard will be
mobilized to control the situation.
1984 - Vanessa Williams, the first African American Miss America,
relinquishes her crown after publication of nude photographs
taken before her entry in the pageant. Replacing her is Suzette
Charles, first runner-up in the contest.
1987 - Billy Williams is inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in
Cooperstown, New York.
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