*                     Today in Black History - December 31                         *

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* The Nguzo Saba - The seven principles of Kwanzaa - Principle for      *
* Day #6 -  Kuumba (koo-OOM-bah) Creativity: To do always as much * 
* as we can, in the way that we can, in order to leave our community   *
* more beautiful than when we inherited it.                                       *
* http://www.endarkenment.com/kwanzaa/                                       *
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1775 - Alarmed by the impact of the British Dunmore proclamation, that
	would give freedom to slaves who would fight on their side, 
	Gen. George Washington reverses himself and authorizes the 
	enlistment of free Blacks.

1783 - The importation of African slaves is banned by all of the 
	northern states in the United States.

1862 - The Ebenezer African Methodist Episcopal Church holds a Watch 
	Night service in Suburban Maryland.  It begins a tradition
             when African Americans pray and worship in anticipation of the 
             next day, New Year's Day 1863, when President Lincoln's 
             Emancipation Proclamation is to take effect. 

1871 - Annie Welthy Daughtry (later Holland) is born in Isle of Wight
	County, Virginia. In 1921, she will be appointed North Carolina
	Supervisor of Negro Elementary Education, a position she will 
	hold until she joins the ancestors. In 1927, she will found 
	North Carolina's Colored Parent Teachers' Association. She will 
	join the ancestors suddenly on January 6, 1934, while 
	addressing a county-wide meeting of Black teachers in
             Louisburg, North Carolina.

1900 - Sculptor and educator Selma Burke is born in Mooresville, North
	Carolina.  She will be commissioned to create a profile of 
	President Franklin D. Roosevelt after a national competition 
	sponsored by the Fine Arts Commission in Washington, DC.  
             The completed project, a plaque, is unveiled and installed at 
             the Record of Deeds Building in Washington DC.

1930 - Odetta Felious Gordon Holmes is born in Birmingham, Alabama.  
	She will become a famous folksinger, known simply as
              "Odetta",  who will sing all over the world and at major peace 
             and civil rights meetings, including the 1963 March on 
             Washington. Among the many musicians who cite Odetta as a 
             major musical influence have been Janis Joplin, Bob Dylan and 
             Joan Baez.

1948 - Donna Summer is born in Boston, Massachusetts.  She will be the
	reigning "Queen of Disco" music in the 1970's, known for her
	renditions of "Bad Girls" and "Last Dance." 

1953 - Hulan Jack is inaugurated as Manhattan borough president, the 
	first African American to hold the post.

1953 - The NAACP's Spingarn Medal is presented to Paul R. Williams for 
	his achievements as an architect.

1962 - Katanga becomes part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 

1964 - In a speech before a group of young people, Malcolm X urges 
             them "to see for yourself and listen for yourself and think for
             	yourself.  This generation, especially of our people, have a
             	burden, more so than at any other time in history.  The most
	important thing we can learn to do today is think for
	ourselves."

1972 - Roberto Clemente, Pittsburgh Pirate slugger, joins the ancestors
	after a plane crash on his way to a humanitarian mission to 
	Nicaragua.

1976 - Roland Hayes joins the ancestors in Boston, Massachusetts at 
             the age of 89. He had been an acclaimed tenor whose 
             pioneering recitals of German lieder and other classical music 
             opened the concert stage for African American singers
             
1984 - The first nationally broadcast telethon for the United Negro
	College Fund raises $14.1 million.  The telethon will become 
             an annual fundraising drive that will support more than 40
	historically African American institutions of higher learning 
	and draw widespread individual and corporate support.

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