* Today in Black History - May 31 *
1870 - The first civil rights Enforcement Act, which protects the voting
and civil rights of African Americans, is passed by Congress. It
provides stiff penalties for public officials and private
citizens who deprive citizens of the suffrage and civil rights.
The measure authorizes the use of the U.S. Army to protect these
rights.
1909 - The first NAACP conference is held at the United Charities
Building in New York City with 300 African Americans and whites
in attendance. Ida B. Wells-Barnett, while speaking at the
conference, condemns lynching as a "blight upon our nation,
mocking our laws and disgracing our Christianity."
1917 - One of the first jazz records, "The Darktown Strutter's Ball," is
released. It was written by songwriter and musician, Shelton
Brooks. It will become Brooks' most famous song.
1933 - Shirley Verrett is born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She will
become an operatic mezzo-soprano known worldwide for her
compelling performance in Carmen. She will be a star at the
world’s great opera houses, including the Metropolitan Opera, La
Scala, the Royal Opera House Covent Garden, the Bolshoi Opera,
the Paris Opera, the San Francisco Opera, the Vienna Staatsoper,
and the Lyric Opera of Chicago. She will appear at the
Metropolitan opera for more than two decades. She will be the
recipient of many honors and awards, among them the Marian
Anderson Award, Naumburg Award, and the Sullivan Award; and
fellowships from numerous foundations including Ford, John Hay
Whitney, and Martha Baird Rockefeller. She will receive honorary
doctorates from Holy Cross College in Worcester, Massachusetts,
and Northeastern University in Boston. She will join the faculty
at the University of Michigan in 1996, becoming the James Earl
Jones Distinguished University Professor of Music.
1955 - The U.S. Supreme Court passes a second desegregation ruling,
demanding "all deliberate speed" be used in the desegregation of
public schools.
1961 - Judge Irving Kaufman orders the Board of Education of New Rochelle,
New York to integrate their schools.
1961 - Chuck Berry's amusement park, Berryland, opens near St. Louis,
Missouri.
1979 - Zimbabwe proclaims its independence.
1987 - John Dotson is named publisher of the Boulder, Colorado, "Daily
Camera." It is one of many distinctions for the noted journalist,
including being the first African American reporter for Newsweek
magazine and founding, in the mid-1970's, the Institute for
Journalism Education, dedicated to training minority journalists.
1989 - Cito Gaston is named manager of the Toronto Blue Jays of
baseball's American League.
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