* Today in Black History - June 6 *
1716 - The first slaves arrive in Louisiana.
1779 - Haitian explorer Jean Baptiste-Pointe Du Sable founds the first
permanent settlement at the mouth of a river on the north bank,
that will become Chicago, Illinois.
1831 - The second national Black convention meets in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania. There are fifteen delegates from five states.
1869 - Dillard University is chartered in New Orleans, Louisiana.
1934 - Roy Innis is born in the U.S. Virgin Islands and will be raised in
New York City. He will become a civil rights activist and will
join the Harlem chapter of CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) in
1963. He will work with the organization over the next 35 years
in many capacities including chairman.
1935 - Jesse Owens is elected Captain of the 1936 track team at Ohio State
University. He is the first African American to hold such position
on any Ohio State Team.
1935 - Robert "Bobby" Mitchell is born in Hot Springs, Arkansas. He will
become a professional football player starting as an eighth round
draft selection by the Cleveland Browns in 1958. He will play in
four Pro Bowls (one with Cleveland and three with Washington) over
his 11-year playing career and is considered one of the NFL’s
all-time great multi-purpose players. When he is traded to the
Washington franchise in 1962, he becomes the first African American
to play for the team. He will become an inductee to the Pro
Football Hall of Fame in 1983. He will be a prominent part of the
Washington Redskins organization for over 41 years until he retires
after the 2002-2003 season.
1936 - Levi Stubbs is born in the Bahamas. He will become a Rhythm and
Blues singer and a member of the group, "The Aims." The group will
start as a backup group for Levi's cousin, Jackie Wilson. The
group will change their name to "The Four Tops" in 1956, to avoid
confusion with a band. Berry Gordy will sign the group in 1963
and launch their first hit, "Baby, I Need Your Loving." The group
will stay together over forty years, longer than any other popular
group, with the original personnel intact.
1939 - Marion Wright (later Edelman) is born in Bennettsville, South
Carolina. In addition to becoming the first African American
woman admitted to the bar in Mississippi, she will direct the
NAACP's Legal Defense and Education Fund in New York and
Mississippi and will found the Children's Defense Fund in 1973.
1939 - Gary Anderson is born in Jacksonville, Florida. He will be raised
in Norfolk, Virginia where he will become a singer as a teenager,
with a group called The Turks. He will solo as Gary "U.S." Bonds
in 1960 recording the hit "New Orleans." His name will be inspired
by a poster in a Norfolk shop urging Americans to "Carry U. S.
Bonds." In 1961 when Bonds records his version of a local group's
song, "A Night with Daddy G.," it will be re-titled "Quarter to
Three" and will be a huge hit. He will record three additional hits
in the next year. After a twenty year decline in his career, he
will make a comeback after his fan, Bruce Springsteen, begins to
use "Quarter to Three" as his encore.
1944 - The 320th Negro Anti-Aircraft Barrage Balloon Battalion assists
in the D-Day invasion in Normandy, France.
1947 - Harrison Branch is born in New York City. A student at the San
Francisco Art Institute and Yale University School of Art, he will
become a professor of art and photographer whose works will be
exhibited and collected in the U.S. and in Europe and will appear
in the landmark photography book, "An Illustrated Bio-Bibliography
of Black Photographers," 1940-1988, edited by Deborah Wills Ryan.
1966 - James Meredith is wounded by a white sniper, as he walked along U.S.
Highway 51 near Hernando, Mississippi, on the second day of the
Memphis, Tennessee to Jackson, Mississippi, voter registration
march. Meanwhile, Stokely Carmichael, using his newly adopted
name of Kwame' Toure, launches the Black Power movement.
Toure will say that the use of the term is not anti-white, but a
phrase to denote a political strategy.
1973 - Barry White is awarded a gold record for "I'm Gonna Love You Just a
Little More Baby". It is his first hit and his first of five,
number one, million sellers. White will begin recording in 1960.
He will form the group, Love Unlimited, in 1969 and marry one of
the group's singers, Glodean James. He will also form the 40-piece
Love Unlimited Orchestra which will have the number one hit,
"Love's Theme." He will join the ancestors on July 4, 2003 from
complications of high blood pressure and kidney disease.
1977 - Joseph Lawson Howze is installed as bishop of the Roman Catholic
diocese of Biloxi, Mississippi. He becomes the first African
American to head a U.S. diocese in the Catholic Church in the
twentieth century.
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