* Today in Black History - October 11 *
1864 - Slavery is abolished in Maryland.
1865 - Jamaican national hero, Paul Bogle leads a successful protest
march to the Morant Bay Courthouse. Poverty and injustice in
Jamaican society and lack of public confidence in the central
authority had urged Paul Bogle to lead the march. A violent
confrontation with official forces will follow the march,
resulting in the death of nearly 500 people. Many others will
be flogged and punished before order is restored. Paul Bogle
will be captured and hanged on October 24, 1865. His forceful
demonstration will pave the way for the establishment of just
practices in the courts and bring about a change in official
attitude, making possible the social and economic betterment of
the Jamaican people.
1882 - R. Nathaniel Dett, is born in Ontario, Canada. He will become
an acclaimed concert pianist, composer, arranger, and choral
conductor. He will receive his musical education at the Oliver
Willis Halstead Conservatory in Lockport, NY, Oberlin College
(BM, 1908, composition and piano), and the Eastman School of
Music (MM, 1938). He will become President of the National
Association of Negro Musicians from 1924-1926. His teaching
tenures will include Lane College in Tennessee, Lincoln Institute
in Missouri, Bennett College in North Carolina, and Hampton
Institute in Virginia. It will be at Hampton Institute that he
develops the choral ensembles which will receive international
acclaim and recognition.
1887 - A. Miles registers a patent on an elevator.
1919 - Art Blakey is born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Blakey, a jazz
drummer credited as one of the creators of bebop, will be best
known as the founder of the Jazz Messengers. The band will
become a proving ground for some of the best modern jazz
musicians, including Horace Silver, Hank Mobely, Freddie
Hubbard, Wayne Shorter, Sonny Rollins, Wynton Marsalis, and
Branford Marsalis.
1939 - Coleman Hawkins records his famous "Body and Soul" in New York
City.
1939 - The NAACP organizes the Education and Legal Defense Fund.
1972 - A major prison uprising occurs at the Washington, DC jail.
1976 - The United Nations Day of Solidarity with South Africa is
declared by the membership of the United Nations. A special
day of solidarity is observed with the numerous political
prisoners who are being held in South Africa.
1980 - Billy Thomas joins the ancestors after a heart attack in Los
Angeles, California. He was an actor, most notable as the third
child to portray Buckwheat in the Our Gang comedies, a role he
played in some 80 episodes of the popular film series.
1985 - President Reagan bans the importation of South African gold
coins known as Krugerrands.
1991 - Redd Foxx (John Elroy Sanford), comedian (Sanford & Sons, Harlem
Nights), joins the ancestors at the age of 68.
1994 - U.S. troops in Haiti take over the National Palace.
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