* Today in Black History - October 8 *
1775 - A council of general officers decides to bar slaves and
free African Americans from serving in the Continental
Army.
1930 - Faith Ringgold is born in New York City. She will become
a multimedia artist whose paintings, face masks, fabric
and soft sculptures, and quilts will earn her praise for
her reaffirmation of African American women's values and
unique perspective.
1941 - Jesse Louis Burns, later named Jesse L. Jackson, is born
in Greenville, South Carolina. He will become a civil
rights leader, minister and founder of Operation PUSH
(People United to Save Humanity) in 1971, an organization
that will focus attention on the economic disparity
between whites and African Americans. In 1988, he will be
a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination,
winning 18.09% of the Democractic primary vote. He will
serve as a shadow U.S. Senator for the District of
Columbia from 1991 to 1997.
1950 - Robert Earl "Kool" Bell is born in Youngstown, Ohio and
raised in Jersey City, New Jersey. He will become a Rhythm
and Blues singer and will become co-founder and leader of
the group, "Kool & the Gang."
1963 - The Sultan of Zanzibar cedes his mainland possessions to
Kenya.
1969 - Police officers and African Americans exchange sniper
fire on Chicago's West Side. One youth is killed and
nine policemen are injured.
1992 - The Nobel Prize for literature is awarded to West Indies
poet, Derek Walcott.
1993 - The U.N. General Assembly lifted almost all its remaining
economic sanctions against South Africa, begun in the
1960s and built up in subsequent years because of
Pretoria's policy of racial apartheid.
1999 - Laila Ali, the 21-year-old daughter of Muhammad Ali,
makes her professional boxing debut by knocking out
opponent April Fowler 31 seconds after the opening bell
in Verona, New York.
2009 - Abu Talib, bluesman who recorded and toured with Ray Charles
and Little Walter under his given name, Freddy Robinson,
joins the ancestors in Lancaster, California after
succumbing to cancer.
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