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Hello Hedi,

Fascinating report.  I have a line in a poem, "How do Black Latinos stretch
between two worlds?  I think that addresses the racial inequality even
amongst the same nationality.  I am keeping a copy for my files.  Say I just
got an email from someone connected with 4H wanting youth participants.  I
never want to give names of children unless I know that the program in
culturally inclusive and welcoming.  Also that there will be facilitators of
color and finally, if I have some bare bones outline about the event.  I do
this because children are faced with enough, not to just go to a program
that does more damage than good.  Tradionally 4H in Wisconsin means
white,conservative and rural.  Your thoughts?  I sent these questions to the
email address listed, but it bounced back.  Do you know the person/s
involved?  Peace from FABU


>From: Hedi Rudd <[log in to unmask]>
>Reply-To: "AAM (African Association of Madison)"
><[log in to unmask]>
>To: [log in to unmask]
>Subject: New Report Looks at Race of Latinos
>Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2003 13:12:45 -0500
>
>Race vs. Ethnicity:
>New Report Looks at Race of Latinos
>By Elena Maria Lopez
>© 2003 DiversityInc.com
>July 15, 2003
>
>
>Racial characteristics of Latinos can be more important than pure ethnicity
>alone, according to a new report by the Lewis Mumford Center for
>Comparative Urban and Regional Research at the University of Albany.
>
>White Latinos are the most affluent Hispanic group, according to the report
>"How Race Counts for Hispanic Americans," followed by Latinos who classify
>themselves as an "other" race, followed by black Latinos.
>
>Regardless of the higher average education levels of black Latinos, this
>group is more likely to be unemployed and earn less, according to the
>report. Black Latinos are also the least likely to own their own homes in
>comparison with the other Latino groups and are the most likely to live in
>poverty.
>
>Latinos often are lumped together as a common people, ignoring different
>racial origins within the group. Latinos can be of any race, including
>white, black or even Asian.
>
>But many Latinos do not identify with the main racial groups designated by
>the Office of Budget and Management, said Arthur Cresce, the chief of the
>Ethnicity and Ancestry Branch at the Population Division of the U.S. Census
>Bureau. About half of Latinos check off "other" for their racial category,
>he said, while many Latinos write in "Hispanic" under race.
>
>"This reflects that they just aren't identifying with these [racial]
>groups," said Cresce. There are a large number of Indian populations
>throughout Latin America, but many Latinos feel no affiliation with
>American Indians, who tend to be designated to tribes, he said. This
>contributes to a large portion of Latinos checking off "other" under race.
>
>"There are people that have a Latino identity and don't see themselves or
>the world in black and white," said John R. Logan, director of the Mumford
>Center. "They are a group that may force America to see race in different
>terms than we have for the last two centuries."
>
>Latinos have a long history of racial mixing, with the introduction of
>white Spaniards and African slaves with the indigenous populations.
>
>While the white Latino population accounted for 63.7 percent of the U.S.
>Latino population in 1980, they now account for 49.9 percent of the
>country's Latino population. In comparison, the "other" Latino population
>has grown from 33.7 percent of the U.S. Latino population in 1980 to 47.4
>percent of the country's Latino population in 2000.
>
>The black Latino population, with lower levels of newly arriving
>immigrants, has remained stable at 2.6 percent of the country's Latino
>population in 1980 to 2.7 percent in 2000. This population is less likely
>to speak a foreign language at home and has a higher level of education
>with an average of 11.7 years, compared with an average of 10.5 years for
>the entire Latino population.
>
>Yet, despite the higher levels of education, black Latinos have a median
>income falling $3,500 below the average Latino in 2000. Black Latinos had a
>median income of $35,000, compared with $39,900 for white Latinos and
>$37,500 for other Latinos.
>
>Black Latinos also were more likely to be in poverty than the average
>Latino that year (31.5 percent compared to 26 percent for Latinos overall).
>In 2000, black Latinos had an unemployment rate of 12.3 percent compared to
>8 percent for white Latinos and 9.5 percent for Latinos in the "other"
>category.
>
>"I was surprised to see how similar is the experience of black Hispanics
>and non-Hispanic blacks," said Logan.
>
>These figures put black Hispanics on a level more similar to African
>Americans in 2000, which had a poverty rate of 29.7 percent, an
>unemployment rate of 11 percent and a median income of $34,000. Black
>Latinos also are more likely to be segregated for non-Hispanic whites in
>their housing.
>
>Cubans living in the United States are most likely to identify themselves
>as white, followed by South Americans. Dominicans and Puerto Ricans are
>most likely to identify themselves as black.
>
>Miami, with a large Cuban population, has the highest percentage of white
>Latinos in the country. In comparison, New York, with higher populations of
>Puerto Ricans and Dominicans, has the highest percentage of black Latinos.
>More than a quarter of a million Puerto Ricans classified themselves as
>black on Census 2000 forms. California and Texas have the highest
>percentage of Latinos classifying their race as "other."
>
>Latinos of all races now number 38.8 million, or 13.3 percent of the entire
>U.S. population, according to the latest Census Bureau numbers. This is up
>from 12.5 percent and 35.3 million in 2000.
>
>The report uses decennial census data from 1980 through 2000. The Census
>Bureau provides a one-percent random sample of the U.S. population,
>including public-use micro data files can look up information on individual
>unnamed people.
>
>The Mumford Center, which receives about $500,000 annually in research
>grants, also is funded by the National Science Foundation and National
>Institute of Health. The Ford Foundation has granted the center a large sum
>to complete 16 Census 2000-related reports, with four more on the way in
>the next several months.
>
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