* Today in Black History - May 22 *
1848 - Slavery is abolished on the French island of Martinique.
Abolition will create a shortage of labor in Martinique
given many former slaves preferred not to work in the
sugar cane plantations. To solve the problem, indentured
servants will be brought from China and India.
1863 - The War Department establishes the Bureau of Colored
Troops and launches an aggressive campaign for the
recruitment of African American soldiers.
1940 - Bernard Shaw is born in Chicago, Illinois. He will
become a journalist and the principal Washington anchor
for Cable News Network, where he will be widely
respected for his coverage of world summit meetings, the
historic student demonstrations in Beijing, Presidential
primaries and elections, and the Gulf War.
1941 - Paul Winfield is born in Los Angeles, California. He
will become an actor and will star in the movies "Tyson,"
"Breathing Lessons," "Carbon Copy," "Cliffhanger,"
"Dennis the Menace," "Presumed Innocent," "Sounder,"
"The Terminator," and "Star Trek 2." He will join the
ancestors on March 7, 2004 after succumbing to a heart
attack.
1948 - Harlem Renaissance poet and author Claude McKay joins
the ancestors in Chicago, Illinois at the age of 58. His
novel "Home to Harlem" (1928) became the first best-seller
written by an American of African descent.
1959 - Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. becomes the first African American
major general in the U.S. Air Force. In doing so, he
improves upon the accomplishment of his father, Davis Sr.,
who was the first African American general in the U.S.
Army.
1961 - The Attorney General orders two hundred additional U.S.
Marshals to Montgomery, Alabama. This is in addition to
the four hundred U.S. marshals already dispatched to
Montgomery to keep order in the Freedom Rider controversy.
1961 - Ernie K-Doe, Ernest Kador Jr., joins the growing list of
"One Hit Wonders" -- recording artists who had only one
hit. The song, "Mother-In-Law", is Ernie's one hit -- and
a number one tune on the nation's pop music charts.
1966 - Bill Cosby, star of "I Spy," receives an Emmy for best
actor in a dramatic series, the first African American in
the category. He will earn more than four Emmys.
1967 - Langston Hughes, noted poet, joins the ancestors in New
York City. He was the author of the poetry collections
"The Weary Blues," "Not Without Laughter," "The Way of
White Folks," the autobiographies "The Big Sea" and "I
Wonder as I Wander, and plays and newspaper series.
Hughes's ashes will be buried at the Schomburg Center for
Research in Black Culture in Harlem.
1970 - Naomi Campbell is born in London, England. She will be
discovered in a shopping mall when she is 15 years old.
She will become a super model and will open a chain of
"Fashion Cafe'" establishments along with models Claudia
Schiffer, Elle MacPherson, and Christy Turlington.
1994 - A worldwide trade embargo against Haiti, led by the
United States, goes into effect to punish Haiti's
military rulers for not reinstating the country's ousted
elected leader, Jean-Bertrand Aristide.
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