* Today in Black History - November 15 *
218 - Hannibal, North African military genius, crosses the
BC Alps with elephants and 26,000 men in an expedition
to capture Rome.
1805 - Explorers Lewis and Clark reach the mouth of the
Columbia River. Accompanying them on their expedition
is a slave named York, who, while technically Clark's
valet, distinguished himself as a scout, interpreter,
and emissary to the Native Americans encountered on
the expedition.
1825 - African American feminist, Sarah Jane Woodson, is born
in Chillicothe, Ohio.
1884 - The Berlin Conference, of European nations, is organized
by German Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck to decide issues
regarding the colonization of Africa. The Europeans
attending the conference, decide which parts of the
African continent would be "owned" by the participants,
"allowing" only Liberia and Ethiopia to remain free
countries. Representatives from Great Britain, France,
Germany, Portugal, and Belgium negotiate their claims
to African territory and establish a framework for
making and negotiating future claims. Obviously, there
is no one representing Africans at this conference. By
1900, nearly 90 percent of African territory will be
claimed by European states.
1887 - Granville T. Woods receives a patent for the Synchronous
Multiplier Railway Telegraph.
1897 - Langston University, a public co-educational institution,
is founded in Langston, Oklahoma.
1897 - Voorhees College, a private co-educational institution
affiliated with the Episcopal Church, is founded in
Denmark, South Carolina.
1897 - John Mercer Langston joins the ancestors at the age of
67, in Washington, DC.
1928 - Roland Hayes opens his fifth American Tour at New York's
Carnegie Hall packed with admirers.
1930 - Whitman Blount Mayo is born in New York City. He will
become an actor, primarily on television. In the early
1970s, while working for the New Lafayette Theatre, Norman
Lear will offer him a role as Grady Wilson on Sanford and
Son. The character's name will be based on Grady Demond
Wilson, the actor who plays Lamont Sanford. During a
period where Redd Foxx did not appear on the show due to a
contract dispute, Grady will move into the Sanford house
and effectively star in the show for seven episodes. He
will later star in Grady, an unsuccessful spin-off in
which his character moves in with his daughter and her
husband in Beverly Hills. After its cancellation in 1976,
his Grady character returned to Sanford and Son. He will
reprise the role in the unsuccessful 1977 NBC-TV spinoff
series Sanford Arms opposite actor Theodore Wilson, as well
as for two episodes of Sanford, another NBC-TV Sanford and
Son spinoff, this time opposite Redd Foxx and actor Dennis
Burkley, in 1981. He will join the ancestors on May 22, 2001
after succumbing to a heart attack.
1937 - Yaphet Frederick Kotto is born in New York City. He will
become an actor, known for numerous film roles, as well as
starring in the NBC television series Homicide: Life on the
Street (1993–99) as Lieutenant Al Giardello. His films will
include the science-fiction/horror film Alien (1979), and the
Arnold Schwarzenegger science-fiction/action film The Running
Man (1987). He will portray the main villain Dr. Kananga/Mr.
Big in the James Bond movie Live and Let Die (1973). He will
appear opposite Robert De Niro in the comedy thriller Midnight
Run (1988) as FBI agent Alonzo Moseley. He will write two
books: "Royalty," and "The Second Coming of Christ," and will
also write scripts for "Homicide: Life on the Street (1993–
1999). In 2014, he will portray the voice of Parker for the
video game "Alien: Isolation," reprising the same role he
played in the movie Alien in 1979.
1950 - Dr. Arthur Dorrington, a dentist, becomes the first African
American in organized hockey to suit up, a member of the
Atlantic City Seagulls of the Eastern Amateur Hockey League.
1950 - Otis Armstrong is born in Chicago, Illinois. He will become
a NFL runningback with the Denver Broncos. In his second
NFL season, he will lead the league in rushing yards (1,407)
and yards per carry (5.3). In the 1977 season, he will
assist the Denver Broncos to an appearance in Super Bowl XII,
which they will lose to the Dallas Cowboys 27-10. He will
finish his 8 NFL seasons with 4,453 rushing yards, 123
receptions for 1,302 receiving yards, and 879 yards from
kickoff returns. He will also score 32 touchdowns (25 rushing
and 7 receiving).
1960 - Elgin Baylor, of the Los Angeles Lakers scores 71 points
against the New York Knicks.
1969 - The Amistad Research Center is incorporated as an independent
archive, library, & museum dedicated to preserving African
American & ethnic history and culture. The center collects
original source materials on the history of the nation's
ethnic minorities and race relations in the United States (over
10 million documents). The Amistad was organized by the Race
Relations Department of Fisk University and the American
Missionary Association in 1966. The library is now located in
Tilton Hall on the campus of Tulane University in New Orleans,
Louisiana.
1976 - The Plains Baptist Church, home church of President Jimmy Carter,
votes to admit African American worshipers. The church had been
under pressure to admit African Americans since Reverend Clennon
King had announced his intentions to join the congregation.
1979 - The Nobel Prize in economics is awarded to Professor Arthur Lewis
of Princeton University. He is the first African American to
receive the coveted prize in a category other than peace.
1979 - The NAACP's Spingarn Medal is awarded to Rosa L. Parks, who was
the Catalyst in the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott of 1955-56.
1989 - President George Bush signs a bill to rename a Houston, Texas,
federal building after George Thomas "Mickey" Leland, the Houston
congressman who joined the ancestors in a plane crash earlier in
the year.
1998 - Kwame Ture succumbs to prostate cancer in Guinea and joins the
ancestors at age 57. He was born Stokely Carmichael in the country
of Trinidad (1941) and in 1966 coined the phrase, "Black Power."
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