*            Today in Black History - November 15           *

218  - Hannibal, North African military genius, crosses the 
BC	Alps with elephants and 26,000 men in an expedition 
	to capture Rome. 

1805 - Explorers Lewis and Clark reach the mouth of the 
	Columbia River. Accompanying them on their expedition 
	is a slave named York, who, while technically Clark's 
	valet, distinguished himself as a scout, interpreter, 
	and emissary to the Native Americans encountered on 
	the expedition. 

1825 - African American feminist, Sarah Jane Woodson, is born 
	in Chillicothe, Ohio. 

1884 - The Berlin Conference, of European nations, is organized 
	by German Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck to decide issues 
	regarding the colonization of Africa.  The Europeans 
	attending the conference, decide which parts of the 
	African continent would be "owned" by the participants, 
	"allowing" only Liberia and Ethiopia to remain free 
	countries.  Representatives from Great Britain, France, 
	Germany, Portugal, and Belgium negotiate their claims 
	to African territory and establish a framework for 
	making and negotiating future claims. Obviously, there 
	is no one representing Africans at this conference. By 
	1900, nearly 90 percent of African territory will be 
	claimed by European states. 	

1887 - Granville T. Woods receives a patent for the Synchronous 
	Multiplier Railway Telegraph.

1897 - Langston University, a public co-educational institution, 
	is founded in Langston, Oklahoma.

1897 - Voorhees College, a private co-educational institution 
	affiliated with the Episcopal Church, is founded in 
	Denmark, South Carolina.

1897 - John Mercer Langston joins the ancestors at the age of 
	67, in Washington, DC.

1928 - Roland Hayes opens his fifth American Tour at New York's 
	Carnegie Hall packed with admirers.

1930 - Whitman Mayo, actor (Grady -"Sanford & Son"), is born in 
	New York City.

1937 - Yaphet Kotto, actor ("Brubaker", "Alien", "Raid on 
	Entebbe", "Eye of the Tiger", "Roots", "Live and Let 
	Die", "Midnight Run", and TV's "Homicide"), is born in 
	New York City.

1950 - Dr. Arthur Dorrington, a dentist, becomes the first 
	African American in organized hockey to suit up, a 
	member of the Atlantic City Seagulls of the Eastern 
	Amateur Hockey League.

1960 - Elgin Baylor, of the Los Angeles Lakers scores 71 points 
	against the New York Knicks.

1969 - The Amistad Research Center is incorporated as an 
	independent archive, library, & museum dedicated to 
	preserving African American & ethnic history and culture.  
	The center collects original source materials on the 
	history of the nation's ethnic minorities and race 
	relations in the United States (over 10 million 
	documents).  The Amistad was organized by the Race 
	Relations Department of Fisk University and the American
	Missionary Association in 1966.  The library is now 
	located in Tilton Hall on the campus of Tulane University 
	in New Orleans, Louisiana. 
 
1976 - The Plains Baptist Church, home church of President Jimmy 
	Carter, votes to admit African American worshipers.  The 
	church had been under pressure to admit African Americans 
	since Reverend Clennon King had announced his intentions 
	to join the congregation. 
 
1979 - The Nobel Prize in economics is awarded to Professor 
	Arthur Lewis of Princeton University.  He is the first 
	African American to receive the coveted prize in a 
	category other than peace.

1979 - The NAACP's Spingarn Medal is awarded to Rosa L. Parks, who 
	was the Catalyst in the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott
	of 1955-56.

1989 - President George Bush signs a bill to rename a Houston, 
	Texas, federal building after George Thomas "Mickey" 
	Leland, the Houston congressman who died in a plane crash 
	earlier in the year. 

1998 - Kwame Ture succumbs to prostate cancer in Guinea and joins 
	the ancestors at age 57.  He was born Stokely Carmichael 
	in the country of Trinidad (1941) and in 1966 coined the 
	phrase, "Black Power."

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